Inferring Solar Differential Rotation through Normal-mode Coupling Using Bayesian Statistics

Samarth G. Kashyap, Srijan Bharati Das, Shravan M. Hanasoge, Martin F. Woodard, Jeroen Tromp

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

6 Scopus citations

Abstract

Normal-mode helioseismic data analysis uses observed solar oscillation spectra to infer perturbations in the solar interior due to global and local-scale flows and structural asphericity. Differential rotation, the dominant global-scale axisymmetric perturbation, has been tightly constrained primarily using measurements of frequency splittings via "a-coefficients."However, the frequency-splitting formalism invokes the approximation that multiplets are isolated. This assumption is inaccurate for modes at high angular degrees. Analyzing eigenfunction corrections, which respect cross-coupling of modes across multiplets, is a more accurate approach. However, applying standard inversion techniques using these cross-spectral measurements yields a-coefficients with a significantly wider spread than the well-constrained results from frequency splittings. In this study, we apply Bayesian statistics to infer a-coefficients due to differential rotation from cross-spectra for both f-modes and p-modes. We demonstrate that this technique works reasonably well for modes with angular degrees ℓ = 50-291. The inferred a 3-coefficients are found to be within 1 nHz of the frequency-splitting values for ℓ > 200. We also show that the technique fails at ℓ < 50 owing to the insensitivity of the measurement to the perturbation. These results serve to further establish mode-coupling as an important helioseismic technique with which to infer internal structure and dynamics, both axisymmetric (e.g., meridional circulation) and non-axisymmetric perturbations.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article number47
JournalAstrophysical Journal, Supplement Series
Volume253
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - Apr 2021

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Astronomy and Astrophysics
  • Space and Planetary Science

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