Impact of electrode contamination on the α-NPD/Au hole injection barrier

Engineering

• Charge Injection 50%
• Direct Interaction 50%
• Interface State 50%
• Photoemission 100%
• Polycrystalline 50%
• State Model 50%

Material Science

• Density 50%
• Ultra Violet Photoemission Spectroscopy 100%

Keyphrases

• Ambient Exposure 33%
• Contamination Layer 33%
• Unexpected Change 33%