TY - JOUR
T1 - Identification of xpr-1, a progesterone receptor required for xenopus oocyte activation
AU - Tian, Jingdong
AU - Kim, Sammy
AU - Heilig, Elizabeth
AU - Ruderman, Joan V.
PY - 2000/12/19
Y1 - 2000/12/19
N2 - Quiescent full-grown Xenopus oocytes remain arrested at the G2/M border of meiosis I until exposed to progesterone, their natural mitogen. Progesterone triggers rapid, nontranscriptional responses that lead to the translational activation of stored mRNAs, resumption of the meiotic cell cycles, and maturation of the oocyte into a fertilizable egg. It has long been presumed that progesterone activates the oocyte through a novel nontranscriptional signaling receptor. Here, we provide evidence that a conventional transcriptional progesterone receptor cloned from Xenopus oocytes, XPR-1, is required for oocyte activation. Overexpression of XPR-1 through mRNA injection increases sensitivity to progesterone and accelerates progesterone-activated cell cycle reentry. Injection of XPR-1 antisense oligonucleotides blocks the ability of oocytes to respond to progesterone; these oocytes are rescued by subsequent injection of XPR-1 or the human progesterone receptor PR-B. Antisense-treated oocytes can be activated in response to inhibition of protein kinase A, one of the earliest known changes occurring downstream of progesterone stimulation. These results argue that the conventional progesterone receptor also functions as the signaling receptor that is responsible for the rapid nontranscriptional activation of frog oocytes.
AB - Quiescent full-grown Xenopus oocytes remain arrested at the G2/M border of meiosis I until exposed to progesterone, their natural mitogen. Progesterone triggers rapid, nontranscriptional responses that lead to the translational activation of stored mRNAs, resumption of the meiotic cell cycles, and maturation of the oocyte into a fertilizable egg. It has long been presumed that progesterone activates the oocyte through a novel nontranscriptional signaling receptor. Here, we provide evidence that a conventional transcriptional progesterone receptor cloned from Xenopus oocytes, XPR-1, is required for oocyte activation. Overexpression of XPR-1 through mRNA injection increases sensitivity to progesterone and accelerates progesterone-activated cell cycle reentry. Injection of XPR-1 antisense oligonucleotides blocks the ability of oocytes to respond to progesterone; these oocytes are rescued by subsequent injection of XPR-1 or the human progesterone receptor PR-B. Antisense-treated oocytes can be activated in response to inhibition of protein kinase A, one of the earliest known changes occurring downstream of progesterone stimulation. These results argue that the conventional progesterone receptor also functions as the signaling receptor that is responsible for the rapid nontranscriptional activation of frog oocytes.
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U2 - 10.1073/pnas.250492197
DO - 10.1073/pnas.250492197
M3 - Article
C2 - 11114187
AN - SCOPUS:0034687770
SN - 0027-8424
VL - 97
SP - 14358
EP - 14363
JO - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
IS - 26
ER -