TY - JOUR
T1 - Hogel-Free Holography
AU - Chakravarthula, Praneeth
AU - Tseng, Ethan
AU - Fuchs, Henry
AU - Heide, Felix
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors are grateful to Joel S. Kollin and Bernard Kress for lending the SLM, Roarke Horstmeyer for lending the laser diode controller, and Jim Mahaney for hardware support during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research is supported by NSF Grants no. 1840131 and no. 1405847. Felix Heide was supported by an NSF CAREER Award (2047359), a Sony Young Faculty Award, and a Project X Innovation Award.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).
PY - 2022/10/26
Y1 - 2022/10/26
N2 - Holography is a promising avenue for high-quality displays without requiring bulky, complex optical systems. While recent work has demonstrated accurate hologram generation of 2D scenes, high-quality holographic projections of 3D scenes has been out of reach until now. Existing multiplane 3D holography approaches fail to model wavefronts in the presence of partial occlusion while holographic stereogram methods have to make a fundamental tradeoff between spatial and angular resolution. In addition, existing 3D holographic display methods rely on heuristic encoding of complex amplitude into phase-only pixels which results in holograms with severe artifacts. Fundamental limitations of the input representation, wavefront modeling, and optimization methods prohibit artifact-free 3D holographic projections in today’s displays. To lift these limitations, we introduce hogel-free holography which optimizes for true 3D holograms, supporting both depth- and view-dependent effects for the first time. Our approach overcomes the fundamental spatio-angular resolution tradeoff typical to stereogram approaches. Moreover, it avoids heuristic encoding schemes to achieve high image fidelity over a 3D volume. We validate that the proposed method achieves 10 dB PSNR improvement on simulated holographic reconstructions. We also validate our approach on an experimental prototype with accurate parallax and depth focus effects.
AB - Holography is a promising avenue for high-quality displays without requiring bulky, complex optical systems. While recent work has demonstrated accurate hologram generation of 2D scenes, high-quality holographic projections of 3D scenes has been out of reach until now. Existing multiplane 3D holography approaches fail to model wavefronts in the presence of partial occlusion while holographic stereogram methods have to make a fundamental tradeoff between spatial and angular resolution. In addition, existing 3D holographic display methods rely on heuristic encoding of complex amplitude into phase-only pixels which results in holograms with severe artifacts. Fundamental limitations of the input representation, wavefront modeling, and optimization methods prohibit artifact-free 3D holographic projections in today’s displays. To lift these limitations, we introduce hogel-free holography which optimizes for true 3D holograms, supporting both depth- and view-dependent effects for the first time. Our approach overcomes the fundamental spatio-angular resolution tradeoff typical to stereogram approaches. Moreover, it avoids heuristic encoding schemes to achieve high image fidelity over a 3D volume. We validate that the proposed method achieves 10 dB PSNR improvement on simulated holographic reconstructions. We also validate our approach on an experimental prototype with accurate parallax and depth focus effects.
KW - computational displays
KW - Computational optics
KW - holography
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U2 - 10.1145/3516428
DO - 10.1145/3516428
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85135148552
SN - 0730-0301
VL - 41
JO - ACM Transactions on Computer Systems
JF - ACM Transactions on Computer Systems
IS - 5
M1 - 178
ER -