High performance plasmas on the National Spherical Torus Experiment

D. A. Gates; M. G. Bell; R. E. Bell; J. Bialek; T. Bigelow; M. Bitter; P. Bonoli; D. Darrow; P. Efthimion; J. Ferron; E. Fredrickson; L. Grisham; J. Hosea; D. Johnson; R. Kaita; S. Kaye; S. Kubota; H. Kugel; B. LeBlanc; R. Maingi; J. Manickam; T. K. Mau; R. J. Maqueda; E. Mazzucato; J. Menard; D. Mueller; B. Nelson; N. Nishino; M. Ono; F. Paoletti; S. Paul; Y. K.M. Peng; C. K. Phillips; R. Raman; P. Ryan; S. A. Sabbagh; M. Schaffer; C. H. Skinner; D. Stutman; D. Swain; E. Synakowski; Y. Takase; J. Wilgen; J. R. Wilson; W. Zhu; S. Zweben; A. Bers; M. Carter; B. Deng; C. Domier; E. Doyle; M. Finkenthal; K. Hill; T. Jarboe; S. Jardin; H. Ji; L. Lao; K. C. Lee; N. Luhmann; R. Majeski; H. Park; T. Peebles; R. I. Pinsker; G. Porter; A. Ram; M. Rensink; T. Rognlien; D. Stotler; B. Stratton; G. Taylor; W. Wampler; G. A. Wurden; X. Q. Xu; L. Zeng

doi:10.1109/PPPS.2001.01002186

High performance plasmas on the National Spherical Torus Experiment

D. A. Gates, M. G. Bell, R. E. Bell, J. Bialek, T. Bigelow, M. Bitter, P. Bonoli, D. Darrow, P. Efthimion, J. Ferron, E. Fredrickson, L. Grisham, J. Hosea, D. Johnson, R. Kaita, S. Kaye, S. Kubota, H. Kugel, B. LeBlanc, R. MaingiJ. Manickam, T. K. Mau, R. J. Maqueda, E. Mazzucato, J. Menard, D. Mueller, B. Nelson, N. Nishino, M. Ono, F. Paoletti, S. Paul, Y. K.M. Peng, C. K. Phillips, R. Raman, P. Ryan, S. A. Sabbagh, M. Schaffer, C. H. Skinner, D. Stutman, D. Swain, E. Synakowski, Y. Takase, J. Wilgen, J. R. Wilson, W. Zhu, S. Zweben, A. Bers, M. Carter, B. Deng, C. Domier, E. Doyle, M. Finkenthal, K. Hill, T. Jarboe, S. Jardin, H. Ji, L. Lao, K. C. Lee, N. Luhmann, R. Majeski, H. Park, T. Peebles, R. I. Pinsker, G. Porter, A. Ram, M. Rensink, T. Rognlien, D. Stotler, B. Stratton, G. Taylor, W. Wampler, G. A. Wurden, X. Q. Xu, L. Zeng

Astrophysical Sciences

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

Abstract

The National Spherical Torus Experiment has produced toroidal plasmas at low aspect ratio (A = R/a = 0.86m/0.68m ∼ 1.3, where R is the major radius and a is the minor radius of the torus) with plasma currents of 1.4MA. The rapid development of the machine has led to very exciting physics results during the first full year of physics operation. Pulse lengths in excess of 0.5s have been obtained with inductive current drive. Up to 4MW of High Harmonic Fast Wave (HHFW) heating power has been applied with 6MW planned. Using only 2MW of HHFW heating power clear evidence of electron heating is séen with HHFW, as observed by the multi point Thomson scattering diagnostic. A non-inductive current drive concept known as Coaxial Helicity Injection (CHI) has driven 260kA of toroidal current. Neutral beam heating power of 5MW has been injected. Plasmas with β_t (=2μ_o

/B² = a measure of magnetic confinement efficiency) of 22% have been achieved, as calculated using the EFIT equilibrium reconstruction code, β limiting phenomena have been observed, and the maximum β_t scales with I_paB_t. High frequency (>MHz) magnetic fluctuations have been observed. H-mode plasmas are observed with confinement times of > 100ms. Beam heated plasmas show energy confinement times in excess of those predicted by empirical scaling expressions. Ion temperatures in excess of 2.0keV have been measured, and power balance suggests that the power loss from the ions to the electrons may exceed the calculated classical input power to the ions.

Original language	English (US)
Title of host publication	PPPS 2001 - Pulsed Power Plasma Science 2001
Editors	Robert Reinovsky, Mark Newton
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
Pages	677-681
Number of pages	5
ISBN (Electronic)	0780371208, 9780780371200
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/PPPS.2001.01002186
State	Published - 2015
Event	28th IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science and 13th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference, PPPS 2001 - Las Vegas, United States Duration: Jun 17 2001 → Jun 22 2001

Publication series

Name	PPPS 2001 - Pulsed Power Plasma Science 2001
Volume	1

Other

Other	28th IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science and 13th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference, PPPS 2001
Country/Territory	United States
City	Las Vegas
Period	6/17/01 → 6/22/01

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Energy Engineering and Power Technology
Nuclear Energy and Engineering
Nuclear and High Energy Physics

Access to Document

10.1109/PPPS.2001.01002186

Cite this

Gates, D. A., Bell, M. G., Bell, R. E., Bialek, J., Bigelow, T., Bitter, M., Bonoli, P., Darrow, D., Efthimion, P., Ferron, J., Fredrickson, E., Grisham, L., Hosea, J., Johnson, D., Kaita, R., Kaye, S., Kubota, S., Kugel, H., LeBlanc, B., ... Zeng, L. (2015). High performance plasmas on the National Spherical Torus Experiment. In R. Reinovsky, & M. Newton (Eds.), PPPS 2001 - Pulsed Power Plasma Science 2001 (pp. 677-681). Article 1002186 (PPPS 2001 - Pulsed Power Plasma Science 2001; Vol. 1). Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. https://doi.org/10.1109/PPPS.2001.01002186

@inproceedings{6d060efc3a384c2281a283bd31ebb5b2,

title = "High performance plasmas on the National Spherical Torus Experiment",

abstract = "The National Spherical Torus Experiment has produced toroidal plasmas at low aspect ratio (A = R/a = 0.86m/0.68m ∼ 1.3, where R is the major radius and a is the minor radius of the torus) with plasma currents of 1.4MA. The rapid development of the machine has led to very exciting physics results during the first full year of physics operation. Pulse lengths in excess of 0.5s have been obtained with inductive current drive. Up to 4MW of High Harmonic Fast Wave (HHFW) heating power has been applied with 6MW planned. Using only 2MW of HHFW heating power clear evidence of electron heating is s{\'e}en with HHFW, as observed by the multi point Thomson scattering diagnostic. A non-inductive current drive concept known as Coaxial Helicity Injection (CHI) has driven 260kA of toroidal current. Neutral beam heating power of 5MW has been injected. Plasmas with βt (=2μo/B2 = a measure of magnetic confinement efficiency) of 22% have been achieved, as calculated using the EFIT equilibrium reconstruction code, β limiting phenomena have been observed, and the maximum βt scales with IpaBt. High frequency (>MHz) magnetic fluctuations have been observed. H-mode plasmas are observed with confinement times of > 100ms. Beam heated plasmas show energy confinement times in excess of those predicted by empirical scaling expressions. Ion temperatures in excess of 2.0keV have been measured, and power balance suggests that the power loss from the ions to the electrons may exceed the calculated classical input power to the ions.",

author = "Gates, {D. A.} and Bell, {M. G.} and Bell, {R. E.} and J. Bialek and T. Bigelow and M. Bitter and P. Bonoli and D. Darrow and P. Efthimion and J. Ferron and E. Fredrickson and L. Grisham and J. Hosea and D. Johnson and R. Kaita and S. Kaye and S. Kubota and H. Kugel and B. LeBlanc and R. Maingi and J. Manickam and Mau, {T. K.} and Maqueda, {R. J.} and E. Mazzucato and J. Menard and D. Mueller and B. Nelson and N. Nishino and M. Ono and F. Paoletti and S. Paul and Peng, {Y. K.M.} and Phillips, {C. K.} and R. Raman and P. Ryan and Sabbagh, {S. A.} and M. Schaffer and Skinner, {C. H.} and D. Stutman and D. Swain and E. Synakowski and Y. Takase and J. Wilgen and Wilson, {J. R.} and W. Zhu and S. Zweben and A. Bers and M. Carter and B. Deng and C. Domier and E. Doyle and M. Finkenthal and K. Hill and T. Jarboe and S. Jardin and H. Ji and L. Lao and Lee, {K. C.} and N. Luhmann and R. Majeski and H. Park and T. Peebles and Pinsker, {R. I.} and G. Porter and A. Ram and M. Rensink and T. Rognlien and D. Stotler and B. Stratton and G. Taylor and W. Wampler and Wurden, {G. A.} and Xu, {X. Q.} and L. Zeng",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2002 IEEE.; 28th IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science and 13th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference, PPPS 2001 ; Conference date: 17-06-2001 Through 22-06-2001",

year = "2015",

doi = "10.1109/PPPS.2001.01002186",

language = "English (US)",

series = "PPPS 2001 - Pulsed Power Plasma Science 2001",

publisher = "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.",

pages = "677--681",

editor = "Robert Reinovsky and Mark Newton",

booktitle = "PPPS 2001 - Pulsed Power Plasma Science 2001",

address = "United States",

}

Gates, DA, Bell, MG, Bell, RE, Bialek, J, Bigelow, T, Bitter, M, Bonoli, P, Darrow, D, Efthimion, P, Ferron, J, Fredrickson, E, Grisham, L, Hosea, J, Johnson, D, Kaita, R, Kaye, S, Kubota, S, Kugel, H, LeBlanc, B, Maingi, R, Manickam, J, Mau, TK, Maqueda, RJ, Mazzucato, E, Menard, J, Mueller, D, Nelson, B, Nishino, N, Ono, M, Paoletti, F, Paul, S, Peng, YKM, Phillips, CK, Raman, R, Ryan, P, Sabbagh, SA, Schaffer, M, Skinner, CH, Stutman, D, Swain, D, Synakowski, E, Takase, Y, Wilgen, J, Wilson, JR, Zhu, W, Zweben, S, Bers, A, Carter, M, Deng, B, Domier, C, Doyle, E, Finkenthal, M, Hill, K, Jarboe, T, Jardin, S, Ji, H, Lao, L, Lee, KC, Luhmann, N, Majeski, R, Park, H, Peebles, T, Pinsker, RI, Porter, G, Ram, A, Rensink, M, Rognlien, T, Stotler, D, Stratton, B, Taylor, G, Wampler, W, Wurden, GA, Xu, XQ & Zeng, L 2015, High performance plasmas on the National Spherical Torus Experiment. in R Reinovsky & M Newton (eds), PPPS 2001 - Pulsed Power Plasma Science 2001., 1002186, PPPS 2001 - Pulsed Power Plasma Science 2001, vol. 1, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., pp. 677-681, 28th IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science and 13th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference, PPPS 2001, Las Vegas, United States, 6/17/01. https://doi.org/10.1109/PPPS.2001.01002186

High performance plasmas on the National Spherical Torus Experiment. / Gates, D. A.; Bell, M. G.; Bell, R. E. et al.
PPPS 2001 - Pulsed Power Plasma Science 2001. ed. / Robert Reinovsky; Mark Newton. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2015. p. 677-681 1002186 (PPPS 2001 - Pulsed Power Plasma Science 2001; Vol. 1).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

TY - GEN

T1 - High performance plasmas on the National Spherical Torus Experiment

AU - Gates, D. A.

AU - Bell, M. G.

AU - Bell, R. E.

AU - Bialek, J.

AU - Bigelow, T.

AU - Bitter, M.

AU - Bonoli, P.

AU - Darrow, D.

AU - Efthimion, P.

AU - Ferron, J.

AU - Fredrickson, E.

AU - Grisham, L.

AU - Hosea, J.

AU - Johnson, D.

AU - Kaita, R.

AU - Kaye, S.

AU - Kubota, S.

AU - Kugel, H.

AU - LeBlanc, B.

AU - Maingi, R.

AU - Manickam, J.

AU - Mau, T. K.

AU - Maqueda, R. J.

AU - Mazzucato, E.

AU - Menard, J.

AU - Mueller, D.

AU - Nelson, B.

AU - Nishino, N.

AU - Ono, M.

AU - Paoletti, F.

AU - Paul, S.

AU - Peng, Y. K.M.

AU - Phillips, C. K.

AU - Raman, R.

AU - Ryan, P.

AU - Sabbagh, S. A.

AU - Schaffer, M.

AU - Skinner, C. H.

AU - Stutman, D.

AU - Swain, D.

AU - Synakowski, E.

AU - Takase, Y.

AU - Wilgen, J.

AU - Wilson, J. R.

AU - Zhu, W.

AU - Zweben, S.

AU - Bers, A.

AU - Carter, M.

AU - Deng, B.

AU - Domier, C.

AU - Doyle, E.

AU - Finkenthal, M.

AU - Hill, K.

AU - Jarboe, T.

AU - Jardin, S.

AU - Ji, H.

AU - Lao, L.

AU - Lee, K. C.

AU - Luhmann, N.

AU - Majeski, R.

AU - Park, H.

AU - Peebles, T.

AU - Pinsker, R. I.

AU - Porter, G.

AU - Ram, A.

AU - Rensink, M.

AU - Rognlien, T.

AU - Stotler, D.

AU - Stratton, B.

AU - Taylor, G.

AU - Wampler, W.

AU - Wurden, G. A.

AU - Xu, X. Q.

AU - Zeng, L.

PY - 2015

Y1 - 2015

N2 - The National Spherical Torus Experiment has produced toroidal plasmas at low aspect ratio (A = R/a = 0.86m/0.68m ∼ 1.3, where R is the major radius and a is the minor radius of the torus) with plasma currents of 1.4MA. The rapid development of the machine has led to very exciting physics results during the first full year of physics operation. Pulse lengths in excess of 0.5s have been obtained with inductive current drive. Up to 4MW of High Harmonic Fast Wave (HHFW) heating power has been applied with 6MW planned. Using only 2MW of HHFW heating power clear evidence of electron heating is séen with HHFW, as observed by the multi point Thomson scattering diagnostic. A non-inductive current drive concept known as Coaxial Helicity Injection (CHI) has driven 260kA of toroidal current. Neutral beam heating power of 5MW has been injected. Plasmas with βt (=2μo/B2 = a measure of magnetic confinement efficiency) of 22% have been achieved, as calculated using the EFIT equilibrium reconstruction code, β limiting phenomena have been observed, and the maximum βt scales with IpaBt. High frequency (>MHz) magnetic fluctuations have been observed. H-mode plasmas are observed with confinement times of > 100ms. Beam heated plasmas show energy confinement times in excess of those predicted by empirical scaling expressions. Ion temperatures in excess of 2.0keV have been measured, and power balance suggests that the power loss from the ions to the electrons may exceed the calculated classical input power to the ions.

AB - The National Spherical Torus Experiment has produced toroidal plasmas at low aspect ratio (A = R/a = 0.86m/0.68m ∼ 1.3, where R is the major radius and a is the minor radius of the torus) with plasma currents of 1.4MA. The rapid development of the machine has led to very exciting physics results during the first full year of physics operation. Pulse lengths in excess of 0.5s have been obtained with inductive current drive. Up to 4MW of High Harmonic Fast Wave (HHFW) heating power has been applied with 6MW planned. Using only 2MW of HHFW heating power clear evidence of electron heating is séen with HHFW, as observed by the multi point Thomson scattering diagnostic. A non-inductive current drive concept known as Coaxial Helicity Injection (CHI) has driven 260kA of toroidal current. Neutral beam heating power of 5MW has been injected. Plasmas with βt (=2μo/B2 = a measure of magnetic confinement efficiency) of 22% have been achieved, as calculated using the EFIT equilibrium reconstruction code, β limiting phenomena have been observed, and the maximum βt scales with IpaBt. High frequency (>MHz) magnetic fluctuations have been observed. H-mode plasmas are observed with confinement times of > 100ms. Beam heated plasmas show energy confinement times in excess of those predicted by empirical scaling expressions. Ion temperatures in excess of 2.0keV have been measured, and power balance suggests that the power loss from the ions to the electrons may exceed the calculated classical input power to the ions.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84951919349&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84951919349&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1109/PPPS.2001.01002186

DO - 10.1109/PPPS.2001.01002186

M3 - Conference contribution

AN - SCOPUS:84951919349

T3 - PPPS 2001 - Pulsed Power Plasma Science 2001

SP - 677

EP - 681

BT - PPPS 2001 - Pulsed Power Plasma Science 2001

A2 - Reinovsky, Robert

A2 - Newton, Mark

PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.

T2 - 28th IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science and 13th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference, PPPS 2001

Y2 - 17 June 2001 through 22 June 2001

ER -

Gates DA, Bell MG, Bell RE, Bialek J, Bigelow T, Bitter M et al. High performance plasmas on the National Spherical Torus Experiment. In Reinovsky R, Newton M, editors, PPPS 2001 - Pulsed Power Plasma Science 2001. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. 2015. p. 677-681. 1002186. (PPPS 2001 - Pulsed Power Plasma Science 2001). doi: 10.1109/PPPS.2001.01002186

High performance plasmas on the National Spherical Torus Experiment

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