TY - JOUR
T1 - Helium and thorium isotope constraints on African dust transport to the Bahamas over recent millennia
AU - Hayes, Christopher T.
AU - McGee, David
AU - Mukhopadhyay, Sujoy
AU - Boyle, Edward A.
AU - Maloof, Adam C.
N1 - Funding Information:
We are grateful for the students of the 2013–2014 Princeton Sedimentology course for coring work. Sample preparation by Clio Macrakis and Ashling Neary, during their High School and undergraduate research experiences, respectively, is greatly appreciated. We are thankful for logistical support from the staff of Small Hope Bay Lodge. CTH was supported by the W.O. Crosby Postdoctoral Fellowship at MIT and by the University of Southern Mississippi . Data from this study can be accessed in the electronic supplement. We thank Franco Marcantonio, Brent Goehring, editor Martin Frank and two anonymous reviewers for thoughtful comments.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2017/1/1
Y1 - 2017/1/1
N2 - Despite its potential linkages with North Atlantic climate, the variability in Saharan dust transport to the western North Atlantic over the past two millennia has not been well-characterized. A factor of 4 increase in dust production in sub-Saharan Africa has been attributed to the onset of Sahelian agriculture 200 yr ago. The regional extent of this anthropogenic dust increase, however, remains uncertain. Additionally, while millennial-scale cold periods of the last deglaciation have been associated with strong increases in North African dust emissions, few adequate records exist to observe dustiness during the Little Ice Age, a century-scale cooling of the North Atlantic (AD 1400–1800). In this study, we develop a new technique for the paired use of 230Th-normalized 232Th fluxes and 3He-normalized 4He fluxes in Bahamian tidal flat sediments. After justifying the fact that 230Th and 3He have had relatively constant sources to tidal flat and banktop waters, and accounting for the smoothing effect of bioturbation, a factor of 4 change in far-field dust transport to the western North Atlantic between the pre-industrial and modern era is not supported by our dust proxies over the past 2000 yr. Furthermore, we speculate why the response of western North Atlantic dust deposition associated with the Little Ice Age climate anomalies may have been modest compared to prior climatic events of the early Holocene or the last deglaciation.
AB - Despite its potential linkages with North Atlantic climate, the variability in Saharan dust transport to the western North Atlantic over the past two millennia has not been well-characterized. A factor of 4 increase in dust production in sub-Saharan Africa has been attributed to the onset of Sahelian agriculture 200 yr ago. The regional extent of this anthropogenic dust increase, however, remains uncertain. Additionally, while millennial-scale cold periods of the last deglaciation have been associated with strong increases in North African dust emissions, few adequate records exist to observe dustiness during the Little Ice Age, a century-scale cooling of the North Atlantic (AD 1400–1800). In this study, we develop a new technique for the paired use of 230Th-normalized 232Th fluxes and 3He-normalized 4He fluxes in Bahamian tidal flat sediments. After justifying the fact that 230Th and 3He have had relatively constant sources to tidal flat and banktop waters, and accounting for the smoothing effect of bioturbation, a factor of 4 change in far-field dust transport to the western North Atlantic between the pre-industrial and modern era is not supported by our dust proxies over the past 2000 yr. Furthermore, we speculate why the response of western North Atlantic dust deposition associated with the Little Ice Age climate anomalies may have been modest compared to prior climatic events of the early Holocene or the last deglaciation.
KW - Anthropocene
KW - Little Ice Age
KW - aerosols
KW - helium isotopes
KW - mineral dust
KW - thorium isotopes
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U2 - 10.1016/j.epsl.2016.10.031
DO - 10.1016/j.epsl.2016.10.031
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84995784264
SN - 0012-821X
VL - 457
SP - 385
EP - 394
JO - Earth and Planetary Science Letters
JF - Earth and Planetary Science Letters
ER -