HD 191939: Three Sub-Neptunes Transiting a Sun-like Star Only 54 pc Away

Mariona Badenas-Agusti; Maximilian N. Günther; Tansu Daylan; Thomas Mikal-Evans; Andrew Vanderburg; Chelsea X. Huang; Elisabeth Matthews; Benjamin V. Rackham; Allyson Bieryla; Keivan G. Stassun; Stephen R. Kane; Avi Shporer; Benjamin J. Fulton; Michelle L. Hill; Grzegorz Nowak; Ignasi Ribas; Enric Pallé; Jon M. Jenkins; David W. Latham; Sara Seager; George R. Ricker; Roland K. Vanderspek; Joshua N. Winn; Oriol Abril-Pla; Karen A. Collins; Pere Guerra Serra; Prajwal Niraula; Zafar Rustamkulov; Thomas Barclay; Ian J.M. Crossfield; Steve B. Howell; David R. Ciardi; Erica J. Gonzales; Joshua E. Schlieder; Douglas A. Caldwell; Michael Fausnaugh; Scott Mcdermott; Martin Paegert; Joshua Pepper; Mark E. Rose; Joseph D. Twicken

doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aba0b5

HD 191939: Three Sub-Neptunes Transiting a Sun-like Star Only 54 pc Away

Mariona Badenas-Agusti, Maximilian N. Günther, Tansu Daylan, Thomas Mikal-Evans, Andrew Vanderburg, Chelsea X. Huang, Elisabeth Matthews, Benjamin V. Rackham, Allyson Bieryla, Keivan G. Stassun, Stephen R. Kane, Avi Shporer, Benjamin J. Fulton, Michelle L. Hill, Grzegorz Nowak, Ignasi Ribas, Enric Pallé, Jon M. Jenkins, David W. Latham, Sara SeagerGeorge R. Ricker, Roland K. Vanderspek, Joshua N. Winn, Oriol Abril-Pla, Karen A. Collins, Pere Guerra Serra, Prajwal Niraula, Zafar Rustamkulov, Thomas Barclay, Ian J.M. Crossfield, Steve B. Howell, David R. Ciardi, Erica J. Gonzales, Joshua E. Schlieder, Douglas A. Caldwell, Michael Fausnaugh, Scott Mcdermott, Martin Paegert, Joshua Pepper, Mark E. Rose, Joseph D. Twicken

Astrophysical Sciences

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Abstract

We present the discovery of three sub-Neptune-sized planets transiting the nearby and bright Sun-like star HD 191939 (TIC 269701147, TOI 1339), a K s = 7.18 mag G8 V dwarf at a distance of only 54 pc. We validate the planetary nature of the transit signals by combining 5 months of data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite with follow-up ground-based photometry, archival optical images, radial velocities, and high angular resolution observations. The three sub-Neptunes have similar radii (Rb=3.42-0.11+0.11, Rc=3.23-0.11+0.11, and Rd=3.16-0.11+0.11,R⊕), and their orbits are consistent with a stable, circular, and coplanar architecture near mean-motion resonances of 1:3 and 3:4 (P b = 8.88, P c = 28.58, and P d = 38.35 days). The HD 191939 system is an excellent candidate for precise mass determinations of the planets with high-resolution spectroscopy due to the host star's brightness and low chromospheric activity. Moreover, the system's compact and near-resonant nature can provide an independent way to measure planetary masses via transit timing variations while also enabling dynamical and evolutionary studies. Finally, as a promising target for multiwavelength transmission spectroscopy of all three planets' atmospheres, HD 191939 can offer valuable insight into multiple sub-Neptunes born from a protoplanetary disk that may have resembled that of the early Sun.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	113
Journal	Astronomical Journal
Volume	160
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/aba0b5
State	Published - Sep 2020

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

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10.3847/1538-3881/aba0b5

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Badenas-Agusti, M., Günther, M. N., Daylan, T., Mikal-Evans, T., Vanderburg, A., Huang, C. X., Matthews, E., Rackham, B. V., Bieryla, A., Stassun, K. G., Kane, S. R., Shporer, A., Fulton, B. J., Hill, M. L., Nowak, G., Ribas, I., Pallé, E., Jenkins, J. M., Latham, D. W., ... Twicken, J. D. (2020). HD 191939: Three Sub-Neptunes Transiting a Sun-like Star Only 54 pc Away. Astronomical Journal, 160(3), Article 113. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/aba0b5

@article{554b09983c9347878ca7f3ba4c987003,

title = "HD 191939: Three Sub-Neptunes Transiting a Sun-like Star Only 54 pc Away",

abstract = "We present the discovery of three sub-Neptune-sized planets transiting the nearby and bright Sun-like star HD 191939 (TIC 269701147, TOI 1339), a K s = 7.18 mag G8 V dwarf at a distance of only 54 pc. We validate the planetary nature of the transit signals by combining 5 months of data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite with follow-up ground-based photometry, archival optical images, radial velocities, and high angular resolution observations. The three sub-Neptunes have similar radii (Rb=3.42-0.11+0.11, Rc=3.23-0.11+0.11, and Rd=3.16-0.11+0.11,R⊕), and their orbits are consistent with a stable, circular, and coplanar architecture near mean-motion resonances of 1:3 and 3:4 (P b = 8.88, P c = 28.58, and P d = 38.35 days). The HD 191939 system is an excellent candidate for precise mass determinations of the planets with high-resolution spectroscopy due to the host star's brightness and low chromospheric activity. Moreover, the system's compact and near-resonant nature can provide an independent way to measure planetary masses via transit timing variations while also enabling dynamical and evolutionary studies. Finally, as a promising target for multiwavelength transmission spectroscopy of all three planets' atmospheres, HD 191939 can offer valuable insight into multiple sub-Neptunes born from a protoplanetary disk that may have resembled that of the early Sun.",

author = "Mariona Badenas-Agusti and G{\"u}nther, {Maximilian N.} and Tansu Daylan and Thomas Mikal-Evans and Andrew Vanderburg and Huang, {Chelsea X.} and Elisabeth Matthews and Rackham, {Benjamin V.} and Allyson Bieryla and Stassun, {Keivan G.} and Kane, {Stephen R.} and Avi Shporer and Fulton, {Benjamin J.} and Hill, {Michelle L.} and Grzegorz Nowak and Ignasi Ribas and Enric Pall{\'e} and Jenkins, {Jon M.} and Latham, {David W.} and Sara Seager and Ricker, {George R.} and Vanderspek, {Roland K.} and Winn, {Joshua N.} and Oriol Abril-Pla and Collins, {Karen A.} and Serra, {Pere Guerra} and Prajwal Niraula and Zafar Rustamkulov and Thomas Barclay and Crossfield, {Ian J.M.} and Howell, {Steve B.} and Ciardi, {David R.} and Gonzales, {Erica J.} and Schlieder, {Joshua E.} and Caldwell, {Douglas A.} and Michael Fausnaugh and Scott Mcdermott and Martin Paegert and Joshua Pepper and Rose, {Mark E.} and Twicken, {Joseph D.}",

year = "2020",

month = sep,

doi = "10.3847/1538-3881/aba0b5",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "160",

journal = "Astronomical Journal",

issn = "0004-6256",

publisher = "IOP Publishing Ltd.",

number = "3",

}

Badenas-Agusti, M, Günther, MN, Daylan, T, Mikal-Evans, T, Vanderburg, A, Huang, CX, Matthews, E, Rackham, BV, Bieryla, A, Stassun, KG, Kane, SR, Shporer, A, Fulton, BJ, Hill, ML, Nowak, G, Ribas, I, Pallé, E, Jenkins, JM, Latham, DW, Seager, S, Ricker, GR, Vanderspek, RK, Winn, JN, Abril-Pla, O, Collins, KA, Serra, PG, Niraula, P, Rustamkulov, Z, Barclay, T, Crossfield, IJM, Howell, SB, Ciardi, DR, Gonzales, EJ, Schlieder, JE, Caldwell, DA, Fausnaugh, M, Mcdermott, S, Paegert, M, Pepper, J, Rose, ME & Twicken, JD 2020, 'HD 191939: Three Sub-Neptunes Transiting a Sun-like Star Only 54 pc Away', Astronomical Journal, vol. 160, no. 3, 113. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/aba0b5

TY - JOUR

T1 - HD 191939

T2 - Three Sub-Neptunes Transiting a Sun-like Star Only 54 pc Away

AU - Badenas-Agusti, Mariona

AU - Günther, Maximilian N.

AU - Daylan, Tansu

AU - Mikal-Evans, Thomas

AU - Vanderburg, Andrew

AU - Huang, Chelsea X.

AU - Matthews, Elisabeth

AU - Rackham, Benjamin V.

AU - Bieryla, Allyson

AU - Stassun, Keivan G.

AU - Kane, Stephen R.

AU - Shporer, Avi

AU - Fulton, Benjamin J.

AU - Hill, Michelle L.

AU - Nowak, Grzegorz

AU - Ribas, Ignasi

AU - Pallé, Enric

AU - Jenkins, Jon M.

AU - Latham, David W.

AU - Seager, Sara

AU - Ricker, George R.

AU - Vanderspek, Roland K.

AU - Winn, Joshua N.

AU - Abril-Pla, Oriol

AU - Collins, Karen A.

AU - Serra, Pere Guerra

AU - Niraula, Prajwal

AU - Rustamkulov, Zafar

AU - Barclay, Thomas

AU - Crossfield, Ian J.M.

AU - Howell, Steve B.

AU - Ciardi, David R.

AU - Gonzales, Erica J.

AU - Schlieder, Joshua E.

AU - Caldwell, Douglas A.

AU - Fausnaugh, Michael

AU - Mcdermott, Scott

AU - Paegert, Martin

AU - Pepper, Joshua

AU - Rose, Mark E.

AU - Twicken, Joseph D.

PY - 2020/9

Y1 - 2020/9

N2 - We present the discovery of three sub-Neptune-sized planets transiting the nearby and bright Sun-like star HD 191939 (TIC 269701147, TOI 1339), a K s = 7.18 mag G8 V dwarf at a distance of only 54 pc. We validate the planetary nature of the transit signals by combining 5 months of data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite with follow-up ground-based photometry, archival optical images, radial velocities, and high angular resolution observations. The three sub-Neptunes have similar radii (Rb=3.42-0.11+0.11, Rc=3.23-0.11+0.11, and Rd=3.16-0.11+0.11,R⊕), and their orbits are consistent with a stable, circular, and coplanar architecture near mean-motion resonances of 1:3 and 3:4 (P b = 8.88, P c = 28.58, and P d = 38.35 days). The HD 191939 system is an excellent candidate for precise mass determinations of the planets with high-resolution spectroscopy due to the host star's brightness and low chromospheric activity. Moreover, the system's compact and near-resonant nature can provide an independent way to measure planetary masses via transit timing variations while also enabling dynamical and evolutionary studies. Finally, as a promising target for multiwavelength transmission spectroscopy of all three planets' atmospheres, HD 191939 can offer valuable insight into multiple sub-Neptunes born from a protoplanetary disk that may have resembled that of the early Sun.

AB - We present the discovery of three sub-Neptune-sized planets transiting the nearby and bright Sun-like star HD 191939 (TIC 269701147, TOI 1339), a K s = 7.18 mag G8 V dwarf at a distance of only 54 pc. We validate the planetary nature of the transit signals by combining 5 months of data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite with follow-up ground-based photometry, archival optical images, radial velocities, and high angular resolution observations. The three sub-Neptunes have similar radii (Rb=3.42-0.11+0.11, Rc=3.23-0.11+0.11, and Rd=3.16-0.11+0.11,R⊕), and their orbits are consistent with a stable, circular, and coplanar architecture near mean-motion resonances of 1:3 and 3:4 (P b = 8.88, P c = 28.58, and P d = 38.35 days). The HD 191939 system is an excellent candidate for precise mass determinations of the planets with high-resolution spectroscopy due to the host star's brightness and low chromospheric activity. Moreover, the system's compact and near-resonant nature can provide an independent way to measure planetary masses via transit timing variations while also enabling dynamical and evolutionary studies. Finally, as a promising target for multiwavelength transmission spectroscopy of all three planets' atmospheres, HD 191939 can offer valuable insight into multiple sub-Neptunes born from a protoplanetary disk that may have resembled that of the early Sun.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85091093269&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85091093269&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3847/1538-3881/aba0b5

DO - 10.3847/1538-3881/aba0b5

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85091093269

SN - 0004-6256

VL - 160

JO - Astronomical Journal

JF - Astronomical Journal

IS - 3

M1 - 113

ER -

HD 191939: Three Sub-Neptunes Transiting a Sun-like Star Only 54 pc Away

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