GJ 3090 b: one of the most favourable mini-Neptune for atmospheric characterisation

J. M. Almenara; X. Bonfils; J. F. Otegi; O. Attia; M. Turbet; N. Astudillo-Defru; K. A. Collins; A. S. Polanski; V. Bourrier; C. Hellier; C. Ziegler; F. Bouchy; C. Briceno; D. Charbonneau; M. Cointepas; K. I. Collins; I. Crossfield; X. Delfosse; R. F. Diaz; C. Dorn; J. P. Doty; T. Forveille; G. Gaisné; T. Gan; R. Helled; K. Hesse; J. M. Jenkins; E. L.N. Jensen; D. W. Latham; N. Law; A. W. Mann; S. Mao; B. McLean; F. Murgas; G. Myers; S. Seager; A. Shporer; T. G. Tan; J. D. Twicken; J. Winn

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243975

GJ 3090 b: one of the most favourable mini-Neptune for atmospheric characterisation

J. M. Almenara, X. Bonfils, J. F. Otegi, O. Attia, M. Turbet, N. Astudillo-Defru, K. A. Collins, A. S. Polanski, V. Bourrier, C. Hellier, C. Ziegler, F. Bouchy, C. Briceno, D. Charbonneau, M. Cointepas, K. I. Collins, I. Crossfield, X. Delfosse, R. F. Diaz, C. DornJ. P. Doty, T. Forveille, G. Gaisné, T. Gan, R. Helled, K. Hesse, J. M. Jenkins, E. L.N. Jensen, D. W. Latham, N. Law, A. W. Mann, S. Mao, B. McLean, F. Murgas, G. Myers, S. Seager, A. Shporer, T. G. Tan, J. D. Twicken, J. Winn

Astrophysical Sciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

6 Scopus citations

Abstract

We report the detection of GJ 3090 b (TOI-177.01), a mini-Neptune on a 2.9-day orbit transiting a bright (K = 7.3 mag) M2 dwarf located at 22 pc. The planet was identified by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite and was confirmed with the High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher radial velocities. Seeing-limited photometry and speckle imaging rule out nearby eclipsing binaries. Additional transits were observed with the LCOGT, Spitzer, and ExTrA telescopes. We characterise the star to have a mass of 0.519 ± 0.013 Mâ ? ? and a radius of 0.516 ± 0.016 Râ ? ? . We modelled the transit light curves and radial velocity measurements and obtained a planetary mass of 3.34 ± 0.72 ME, a radius of 2.13 ± 0.11 RE, and a mean density of 1.89-0.45+0.52 g cm-3. The low density of the planet implies the presence of volatiles, and its radius and insolation place it immediately above the radius valley at the lower end of the mini-Neptune cluster. A coupled atmospheric and dynamical evolution analysis of the planet is inconsistent with a pure H-He atmosphere and favours a heavy mean molecular weight atmosphere. The transmission spectroscopy metric of 221-46+66 means that GJ 3090 b is the second or third most favorable mini-Neptune after GJ 1214 b whose atmosphere may be characterised. At almost half the mass of GJ 1214 b, GJ 3090 b is an excellent probe of the edge of the transition between super-Earths and mini-Neptunes. We identify an additional signal in the radial velocity data that we attribute to a planet candidate with an orbital period of 13 days and a mass of 17.1-3.2+8.9 ME, whose transits are not detected.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	A91
Journal	Astronomy and Astrophysics
Volume	665
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202243975
State	Published - Sep 1 2022

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

Keywords

Planetary systems
Stars: individual: GJ 3090
Techniques: photometric
Techniques: radial velocities

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10.1051/0004-6361/202243975

Cite this

Almenara, J. M., Bonfils, X., Otegi, J. F., Attia, O., Turbet, M., Astudillo-Defru, N., Collins, K. A., Polanski, A. S., Bourrier, V., Hellier, C., Ziegler, C., Bouchy, F., Briceno, C., Charbonneau, D., Cointepas, M., Collins, K. I., Crossfield, I., Delfosse, X., Diaz, R. F., ... Winn, J. (2022). GJ 3090 b: one of the most favourable mini-Neptune for atmospheric characterisation. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 665, Article A91. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202243975

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title = "GJ 3090 b: one of the most favourable mini-Neptune for atmospheric characterisation",

abstract = "We report the detection of GJ 3090 b (TOI-177.01), a mini-Neptune on a 2.9-day orbit transiting a bright (K = 7.3 mag) M2 dwarf located at 22 pc. The planet was identified by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite and was confirmed with the High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher radial velocities. Seeing-limited photometry and speckle imaging rule out nearby eclipsing binaries. Additional transits were observed with the LCOGT, Spitzer, and ExTrA telescopes. We characterise the star to have a mass of 0.519 ± 0.013 M{\^a} ? ? and a radius of 0.516 ± 0.016 R{\^a} ? ? . We modelled the transit light curves and radial velocity measurements and obtained a planetary mass of 3.34 ± 0.72 ME, a radius of 2.13 ± 0.11 RE, and a mean density of 1.89-0.45+0.52 g cm-3. The low density of the planet implies the presence of volatiles, and its radius and insolation place it immediately above the radius valley at the lower end of the mini-Neptune cluster. A coupled atmospheric and dynamical evolution analysis of the planet is inconsistent with a pure H-He atmosphere and favours a heavy mean molecular weight atmosphere. The transmission spectroscopy metric of 221-46+66 means that GJ 3090 b is the second or third most favorable mini-Neptune after GJ 1214 b whose atmosphere may be characterised. At almost half the mass of GJ 1214 b, GJ 3090 b is an excellent probe of the edge of the transition between super-Earths and mini-Neptunes. We identify an additional signal in the radial velocity data that we attribute to a planet candidate with an orbital period of 13 days and a mass of 17.1-3.2+8.9 ME, whose transits are not detected.",

keywords = "Planetary systems, Stars: individual: GJ 3090, Techniques: photometric, Techniques: radial velocities",

author = "Almenara, {J. M.} and X. Bonfils and Otegi, {J. F.} and O. Attia and M. Turbet and N. Astudillo-Defru and Collins, {K. A.} and Polanski, {A. S.} and V. Bourrier and C. Hellier and C. Ziegler and F. Bouchy and C. Briceno and D. Charbonneau and M. Cointepas and Collins, {K. I.} and I. Crossfield and X. Delfosse and Diaz, {R. F.} and C. Dorn and Doty, {J. P.} and T. Forveille and G. Gaisn{\'e} and T. Gan and R. Helled and K. Hesse and Jenkins, {J. M.} and Jensen, {E. L.N.} and Latham, {D. W.} and N. Law and Mann, {A. W.} and S. Mao and B. McLean and F. Murgas and G. Myers and S. Seager and A. Shporer and Tan, {T. G.} and Twicken, {J. D.} and J. Winn",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} J. M. Almenara et al. 2022.",

year = "2022",

month = sep,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1051/0004-6361/202243975",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "665",

journal = "Astronomy and Astrophysics",

issn = "0004-6361",

publisher = "EDP Sciences",

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Almenara, JM, Bonfils, X, Otegi, JF, Attia, O, Turbet, M, Astudillo-Defru, N, Collins, KA, Polanski, AS, Bourrier, V, Hellier, C, Ziegler, C, Bouchy, F, Briceno, C, Charbonneau, D, Cointepas, M, Collins, KI, Crossfield, I, Delfosse, X, Diaz, RF, Dorn, C, Doty, JP, Forveille, T, Gaisné, G, Gan, T, Helled, R, Hesse, K, Jenkins, JM, Jensen, ELN, Latham, DW, Law, N, Mann, AW, Mao, S, McLean, B, Murgas, F, Myers, G, Seager, S, Shporer, A, Tan, TG, Twicken, JD & Winn, J 2022, 'GJ 3090 b: one of the most favourable mini-Neptune for atmospheric characterisation', Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 665, A91. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202243975

TY - JOUR

T1 - GJ 3090 b

T2 - one of the most favourable mini-Neptune for atmospheric characterisation

AU - Almenara, J. M.

AU - Bonfils, X.

AU - Otegi, J. F.

AU - Attia, O.

AU - Turbet, M.

AU - Astudillo-Defru, N.

AU - Collins, K. A.

AU - Polanski, A. S.

AU - Bourrier, V.

AU - Hellier, C.

AU - Ziegler, C.

AU - Bouchy, F.

AU - Briceno, C.

AU - Charbonneau, D.

AU - Cointepas, M.

AU - Collins, K. I.

AU - Crossfield, I.

AU - Delfosse, X.

AU - Diaz, R. F.

AU - Dorn, C.

AU - Doty, J. P.

AU - Forveille, T.

AU - Gaisné, G.

AU - Gan, T.

AU - Helled, R.

AU - Hesse, K.

AU - Jenkins, J. M.

AU - Jensen, E. L.N.

AU - Latham, D. W.

AU - Law, N.

AU - Mann, A. W.

AU - Mao, S.

AU - McLean, B.

AU - Murgas, F.

AU - Myers, G.

AU - Seager, S.

AU - Shporer, A.

AU - Tan, T. G.

AU - Twicken, J. D.

AU - Winn, J.

PY - 2022/9/1

Y1 - 2022/9/1

N2 - We report the detection of GJ 3090 b (TOI-177.01), a mini-Neptune on a 2.9-day orbit transiting a bright (K = 7.3 mag) M2 dwarf located at 22 pc. The planet was identified by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite and was confirmed with the High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher radial velocities. Seeing-limited photometry and speckle imaging rule out nearby eclipsing binaries. Additional transits were observed with the LCOGT, Spitzer, and ExTrA telescopes. We characterise the star to have a mass of 0.519 ± 0.013 Mâ ? ? and a radius of 0.516 ± 0.016 Râ ? ? . We modelled the transit light curves and radial velocity measurements and obtained a planetary mass of 3.34 ± 0.72 ME, a radius of 2.13 ± 0.11 RE, and a mean density of 1.89-0.45+0.52 g cm-3. The low density of the planet implies the presence of volatiles, and its radius and insolation place it immediately above the radius valley at the lower end of the mini-Neptune cluster. A coupled atmospheric and dynamical evolution analysis of the planet is inconsistent with a pure H-He atmosphere and favours a heavy mean molecular weight atmosphere. The transmission spectroscopy metric of 221-46+66 means that GJ 3090 b is the second or third most favorable mini-Neptune after GJ 1214 b whose atmosphere may be characterised. At almost half the mass of GJ 1214 b, GJ 3090 b is an excellent probe of the edge of the transition between super-Earths and mini-Neptunes. We identify an additional signal in the radial velocity data that we attribute to a planet candidate with an orbital period of 13 days and a mass of 17.1-3.2+8.9 ME, whose transits are not detected.

AB - We report the detection of GJ 3090 b (TOI-177.01), a mini-Neptune on a 2.9-day orbit transiting a bright (K = 7.3 mag) M2 dwarf located at 22 pc. The planet was identified by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite and was confirmed with the High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher radial velocities. Seeing-limited photometry and speckle imaging rule out nearby eclipsing binaries. Additional transits were observed with the LCOGT, Spitzer, and ExTrA telescopes. We characterise the star to have a mass of 0.519 ± 0.013 Mâ ? ? and a radius of 0.516 ± 0.016 Râ ? ? . We modelled the transit light curves and radial velocity measurements and obtained a planetary mass of 3.34 ± 0.72 ME, a radius of 2.13 ± 0.11 RE, and a mean density of 1.89-0.45+0.52 g cm-3. The low density of the planet implies the presence of volatiles, and its radius and insolation place it immediately above the radius valley at the lower end of the mini-Neptune cluster. A coupled atmospheric and dynamical evolution analysis of the planet is inconsistent with a pure H-He atmosphere and favours a heavy mean molecular weight atmosphere. The transmission spectroscopy metric of 221-46+66 means that GJ 3090 b is the second or third most favorable mini-Neptune after GJ 1214 b whose atmosphere may be characterised. At almost half the mass of GJ 1214 b, GJ 3090 b is an excellent probe of the edge of the transition between super-Earths and mini-Neptunes. We identify an additional signal in the radial velocity data that we attribute to a planet candidate with an orbital period of 13 days and a mass of 17.1-3.2+8.9 ME, whose transits are not detected.

KW - Planetary systems

KW - Stars: individual: GJ 3090

KW - Techniques: photometric

KW - Techniques: radial velocities

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85139866352&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85139866352&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1051/0004-6361/202243975

DO - 10.1051/0004-6361/202243975

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85139866352

SN - 0004-6361

VL - 665

JO - Astronomy and Astrophysics

JF - Astronomy and Astrophysics

M1 - A91

ER -

GJ 3090 b: one of the most favourable mini-Neptune for atmospheric characterisation

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Keywords

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