Abstract
It is shown that the nonlinear dynamics of the radiation field in a free-electron laser can be modeled by the Ginzburg-Landau equation. The refractive index of the electron beam in the nonlinear regime and the saturation intensity of the radiation field are obtained from WKB theory. Although the Ginzburg-Landau equation does not permit soliton solutions, it is shown that certain types of solitary-wave solutions have a strong resemblance to spikes observed in simulations and experiments.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 6934-6938 |
Number of pages | 5 |
Journal | Physical Review A |
Volume | 43 |
Issue number | 12 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 1991 |
Externally published | Yes |
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics