Form-finding and metaheuristic multiobjective optimization methodology for sustainable gridshells with reduced construction complexity and waste

The construction industry is one of the sectors with the highest environmental impact, yet it constitutes an important part of the global economy. Therefore, minor improvements in this sector can lead to substantial global benefits. Structural optimization protocols offer promising solutions to this challenge, especially for gridshell structures. Given the complexities involved in constructing gridshells, optimization techniques can play a crucial role in enhancing design by reducing material usage, and improving construction efficiency. This paper presents a methodology for the optimization of gridshell structures using the NSGA II optimization algorithm, combined with the improved Multi-body Rope Approach (i-MRA) form-finding method. The primary objective of this methodology is to minimize the variety of structural elements, reduce material consumption, decrease production waste, and ensure adherence to structural verification standards. This methodology provides an efficient approach for the conceptual design of gridshell structures.