TY - JOUR
T1 - Flexible switch matrix addressable electrode arrays with organic electrochemical transistor and pn diode technology
AU - Uguz, Ilke
AU - Ohayon, David
AU - Arslan, Volkan
AU - Sheelamanthula, Rajendar
AU - Griggs, Sophie
AU - Hama, Adel
AU - Stanton, John William
AU - McCulloch, Iain
AU - Inal, Sahika
AU - Shepard, Kenneth L.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024, The Author(s).
PY - 2024/12
Y1 - 2024/12
N2 - Due to their effective ionic-to-electronic signal conversion and mechanical flexibility, organic neural implants hold considerable promise for biocompatible neural interfaces. Current approaches are, however, primarily limited to passive electrodes due to a lack of circuit components to realize complex active circuits at the front-end. Here, we introduce a p-n organic electrochemical diode using complementary p- and n-type conducting polymer films embedded in a 15-μm -diameter vertical stack. Leveraging the efficient motion of encapsulated cations inside this polymer stack and the opposite doping mechanisms of the constituent polymers, we demonstrate high current rectification ratios (10 5) and fast switching speeds (230 μs). We integrate p-n organic electrochemical diodes with organic electrochemical transistors in the front-end pixel of a recording array. This configuration facilitates the access of organic electrochemical transistor output currents within a large network operating in the same electrolyte, while minimizing crosstalk from neighboring elements due to minimized reverse-biased leakage. Furthermore, we use these devices to fabricate time-division-multiplexed amplifier arrays. Lastly, we show that, when fabricated in a shank format, this technology enables the multiplexing of amplified local field potentials directly in the active recording pixel (26-μm diameter) in a minimally invasive form factor with shank cross-sectional dimensions of only 50×8 μm2 .
AB - Due to their effective ionic-to-electronic signal conversion and mechanical flexibility, organic neural implants hold considerable promise for biocompatible neural interfaces. Current approaches are, however, primarily limited to passive electrodes due to a lack of circuit components to realize complex active circuits at the front-end. Here, we introduce a p-n organic electrochemical diode using complementary p- and n-type conducting polymer films embedded in a 15-μm -diameter vertical stack. Leveraging the efficient motion of encapsulated cations inside this polymer stack and the opposite doping mechanisms of the constituent polymers, we demonstrate high current rectification ratios (10 5) and fast switching speeds (230 μs). We integrate p-n organic electrochemical diodes with organic electrochemical transistors in the front-end pixel of a recording array. This configuration facilitates the access of organic electrochemical transistor output currents within a large network operating in the same electrolyte, while minimizing crosstalk from neighboring elements due to minimized reverse-biased leakage. Furthermore, we use these devices to fabricate time-division-multiplexed amplifier arrays. Lastly, we show that, when fabricated in a shank format, this technology enables the multiplexing of amplified local field potentials directly in the active recording pixel (26-μm diameter) in a minimally invasive form factor with shank cross-sectional dimensions of only 50×8 μm2 .
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U2 - 10.1038/s41467-023-44024-1
DO - 10.1038/s41467-023-44024-1
M3 - Article
C2 - 38225257
AN - SCOPUS:85182492053
SN - 2041-1723
VL - 15
JO - Nature communications
JF - Nature communications
IS - 1
M1 - 533
ER -