@article{4397c2bc915d46ffa5a17ea60803518e,
title = "Energy-Efficient Multi-Cell Massive MIMO Subject to Minimum User-Rate Constraints",
abstract = "The capability of massive multiple-input multiple-output (mMIMO) systems supporting the throughput requirement of as many users as possible is investigated. The bottleneck of serving small numbers of users by a large number of transmit antennas in conventional mMIMO is unblocked by a new time-fraction-wise beamforming technique, which focuses signal transmission in fractions of a time slot. Based on this time-fraction-wise signal transmission, a new user service scheduling scheme for multi-cell mMIMO, whose cell-edge users suffer not only poor channel conditions but also multi-cell interference, is proposed to support a large user-population. We demonstrate that the numbers of users served by our multi-cell mMIMO within a time-slot may be as high as twice the number of its transmit antennas.",
keywords = "Multi-cell massive MIMO system, beamformer design, energy efficiency, nonconvex optimization, quality-of-service, user service scheduling",
author = "Nguyen, {Long Dinh} and Tuan, {Hoang Duong} and Duong, {Trung Q.} and Poor, {H. Vincent} and Lajos Hanzo",
note = "Funding Information: Manuscript received December 14, 2019; revised June 2, 2020 and August 9, 2020; accepted October 4, 2020. Date of publication October 13, 2020; date of current version February 17, 2021. Long Dinh Nguyen would like to acknowledge the support of the Global Challenges Research Fund under the DfE-GCRF 2020-2021 scheme between Queen{\textquoteright}s University Belfast, UK and Dong Nai University, Vietnam. Hoang Duong Tuan would like to acknowledge the support of the Australian Research Council{\textquoteright}s Discovery Projects under Project DP190102501. Trung Q. Duong would like to acknowledge the support of the UK Royal Academy of Engineering (RAEng) under the RAEng Research Chair and Senior Research Fellowship scheme Grant RCSRF2021\11\41, RAEng Research Fellowship scheme Grant RF1415\14\22, and the Global Challenges Research Fund under the DfE-GCRF 2020-2021 scheme between Queen{\textquoteright}s University Belfast, UK and Dong Nai University, Vietnam. H. Vincent Poor would like to acknowledge the support of the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant CCF-1908308. Lajos Hanzo would like to acknowledge the support of the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council projects EP/N004558/1, EP/P034284/1, EP/P034284/1, EP/P003990/1 (COALESCE), of the Royal Society{\textquoteright}s Global Challenges Research Fund Grant as well as of the European Research Council{\textquoteright}s Advanced Fellow Grant QuantCom. The associate editor coordinating the review of this article and approving it for publication was X. Yuan. (Corresponding author: Lajos Hanzo.) Long Dinh Nguyen is with the Department of Engineering, Dong Nai University, Bien Hoa city 810000, Vietnam (e-mail: dinhlonghcmut@gmail.com). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 1972-2012 IEEE.",
year = "2021",
month = feb,
doi = "10.1109/TCOMM.2020.3030780",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "69",
pages = "914--928",
journal = "IEEE Transactions on Communications",
issn = "1558-0857",
publisher = "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.",
number = "2",
}