TY - JOUR
T1 - Emerging therapeutic targets in metastatic progression
T2 - A focus on breast cancer
AU - Li, Zhuo
AU - Kang, Yibin
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank the members of our laboratories for helpful discussions and M. Esposito, W. Lu, Y. Wei, and H.A. Smith for critical reading of the manuscript. We also apologize to the many investigators whose important studies could not be cited directly here owing to space limitations. The work was supported by Howard Hughes Medical Institute International Student Research Fellowship to Z.L. and grants from the Brewster Foundation , the Breast Cancer Research Foundation and the U.S. Department of Defense ( BC123187 ) to Y.K.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
PY - 2016/5
Y1 - 2016/5
N2 - Metastasis is the underlying cause of death for the majority of breast cancer patients. Despite significant advances in recent years in basic research and clinical development, therapies that specifically target metastatic breast cancer remain inadequate, and represents the single greatest obstacle to reducing mortality of late-stage breast cancer. Recent efforts have leveraged genomic analysis of breast cancer and molecular dissection of tumor-stromal cross-talk to uncover a number of promising candidates for targeted treatment of metastatic breast cancer. Rational combinations of therapeutic agents targeting tumor-intrinsic properties and microenvironmental components provide a promising strategy to develop precision treatments with higher specificity and less toxicity. In this review, we discuss the emerging therapeutic targets in breast cancer metastasis, from tumor-intrinsic pathways to those that involve the host tissue components, including the immune system.
AB - Metastasis is the underlying cause of death for the majority of breast cancer patients. Despite significant advances in recent years in basic research and clinical development, therapies that specifically target metastatic breast cancer remain inadequate, and represents the single greatest obstacle to reducing mortality of late-stage breast cancer. Recent efforts have leveraged genomic analysis of breast cancer and molecular dissection of tumor-stromal cross-talk to uncover a number of promising candidates for targeted treatment of metastatic breast cancer. Rational combinations of therapeutic agents targeting tumor-intrinsic properties and microenvironmental components provide a promising strategy to develop precision treatments with higher specificity and less toxicity. In this review, we discuss the emerging therapeutic targets in breast cancer metastasis, from tumor-intrinsic pathways to those that involve the host tissue components, including the immune system.
KW - Breast cancer
KW - Immunotherapy
KW - Metastasis
KW - Targeted therapy
KW - Tumor microenvironment
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U2 - 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.03.003
DO - 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.03.003
M3 - Review article
C2 - 27000769
AN - SCOPUS:84962770969
SN - 0163-7258
VL - 161
SP - 79
EP - 96
JO - Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Part A: Chemotherapy, Toxicology and
JF - Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Part A: Chemotherapy, Toxicology and
ER -