TY - JOUR
T1 - Early-age buildability-rheological properties relationship in additively manufactured cement paste hollow cylinders
AU - Moini, Reza
AU - Olek, Jan
AU - Zavattieri, Pablo D.
AU - Youngblood, Jeffrey P.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors gratefully acknowledge generous support from the National Science Foundation (Grant No. CMMI 1562927 ). The authors also acknowledge fruitful discussions with other members of the collaborative NSF project, Dr. Florence Sanchez of Vanderbilt University and Dr. Joseph Biernacki of the Tennessee Technological University. The authors acknowledge donation of Type I cement by Buzzi Unicem, USA, and the chemical admixtures by BASF, USA, both used in preparation of cement pastes used in this work.
Funding Information:
This publication is based on the results generated from research supported by the National Science Foundation (CMMI Grant 1562927) as well as Purdue College of Engineering and Lyles School of Civil Engineering at Purdue University.The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Jeffrey P. Youngblood reports financial support was provided by National Science Foundation. Reza Moini reports financial support was provided by National Science Foundation. Jan Olek reports financial support was provided by National Science Foundation. Pablo Zavattieri reports financial support was provided by National Science Foundation.The authors gratefully acknowledge generous support from the National Science Foundation (Grant No. CMMI 1562927). The authors also acknowledge fruitful discussions with other members of the collaborative NSF project, Dr. Florence Sanchez of Vanderbilt University and Dr. Joseph Biernacki of the Tennessee Technological University. The authors acknowledge donation of Type I cement by Buzzi Unicem, USA, and the chemical admixtures by BASF, USA, both used in preparation of cement pastes used in this work.
Funding Information:
This publication is based on the results generated from research supported by the National Science Foundation (CMMI Grant 1562927 ) as well as Purdue College of Engineering and Lyles School of Civil Engineering at Purdue University .
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2022/8
Y1 - 2022/8
N2 - Ability to extrude and to achieve shape stability of layer-wise additively manufactured cement-based elements at large scale depends upon the early-age rheological properties (shear moduli, yield stress, viscosity) of the deposited materials. Upon successful extrusion, buildability challenges can manifest themselves through two common failure mechanisms: yielding of lower layers or buckling of the element. However, it is yet unclear which of the various rheological properties control the early-age materials' deformation, specifically buckling, during the printing processes and thus influence the resulting buildability of the elements. This paper focuses on how buildability is dependent upon rheological properties as well as on predicting the buildability using a buckling theoretical framework. Specifically, the relationship between early-age rheological properties of various cement pastes and the buildability of hollow cylinders with failure dominated by buckling mechanism was investigated. It was found that certain types of shear moduli of the fresh pastes (G, G*, and G′) obtained from oscillatory shear stress sweep tests, performed within the first 30 min of hydration, correlate better with the buildability of hollow elements than some other rheological properties (loss modulus G″, yield stress σ yield, yield strain γyield, and complex viscosity η*). Measured values of shear modulus (G) were used to calculate elastic modulus (E) of the pastes using the assumed value of 0.5 for Poisson's ratio (ν) of fresh cement paste. Euler's buckling theory was used to predict buildability (height of the element) of hollow cylinders. It was found that Euler's theory overestimates the buildability by 93%–194%, mainly due to assumption of ideal geometry (i.e., absence initial or printing imperfection), rate-independent behavior and linear elasticity.
AB - Ability to extrude and to achieve shape stability of layer-wise additively manufactured cement-based elements at large scale depends upon the early-age rheological properties (shear moduli, yield stress, viscosity) of the deposited materials. Upon successful extrusion, buildability challenges can manifest themselves through two common failure mechanisms: yielding of lower layers or buckling of the element. However, it is yet unclear which of the various rheological properties control the early-age materials' deformation, specifically buckling, during the printing processes and thus influence the resulting buildability of the elements. This paper focuses on how buildability is dependent upon rheological properties as well as on predicting the buildability using a buckling theoretical framework. Specifically, the relationship between early-age rheological properties of various cement pastes and the buildability of hollow cylinders with failure dominated by buckling mechanism was investigated. It was found that certain types of shear moduli of the fresh pastes (G, G*, and G′) obtained from oscillatory shear stress sweep tests, performed within the first 30 min of hydration, correlate better with the buildability of hollow elements than some other rheological properties (loss modulus G″, yield stress σ yield, yield strain γyield, and complex viscosity η*). Measured values of shear modulus (G) were used to calculate elastic modulus (E) of the pastes using the assumed value of 0.5 for Poisson's ratio (ν) of fresh cement paste. Euler's buckling theory was used to predict buildability (height of the element) of hollow cylinders. It was found that Euler's theory overestimates the buildability by 93%–194%, mainly due to assumption of ideal geometry (i.e., absence initial or printing imperfection), rate-independent behavior and linear elasticity.
KW - 3D-printing
KW - Additive construction
KW - Buildability
KW - Rheology
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U2 - 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2022.104538
DO - 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2022.104538
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85129733257
SN - 0958-9465
VL - 131
JO - Cement and Concrete Composites
JF - Cement and Concrete Composites
M1 - 104538
ER -