Direct-write laser processing creates tiny electrochemical systems

The advances in integration and processing techniques, which have reduced the size of microelectronic and microelectromechanical devices are discussed. Laser direct-write can fabricate micro power systems which are compatible with these microdevices. Laser direct-write processes provide a general set of processing tools that can rapidly prototype and fabricate these different electrochemical energy storage components. These ambient and low-temperature techniques can provide fully embedded solutions, which enable integrated power sources within most types of rigid and flexible substrates.