@article{9a1471cd36bf4a598898659cd30cf3f3,
title = "Direct observation of void evolution during cement hydration",
abstract = "This paper follows the hydration of both portland cement and tricalcium silicate pastes between 30 min and 16 h of hydration. In-situ fast X-ray computed tomography (fCT) was used to make direct observations of the air-filled void formation in w/s of 0.40 to 0.70 with a micron resolution. The results show that over the first hour of the acceleration period the volume of air-filled voids reaches a maximum value and then decreases during the acceleration period and stays constant. The void distribution changes from a few coarse voids to a large number of smaller and more uniformly distributed voids. This behavior is suggested to be controlled by changes in the ionic strength that cause exsolution of dissolved air from the pore solution.",
keywords = "Calorimetry, Cement hydration, Exsolution, Induction period, Void evolution, X-ray computed tomography",
author = "Masoud Moradian and Qinang Hu and Mohammed Aboustait and Ley, {M. Tyler} and Hanan, {Jay C.} and Xianghui Xiao and Scherer, {George W.} and Zhidong Zhang",
note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by funding from Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Exploratory Advanced Research (EAR) program award # DTFH61-12-H-00003 and funding from the United State National Science Foundation CMMI 1150404 CAREER Award. We thank our collaborators, Jeffrey Bullard (National Institute of Standards and Technology), Brad Chmelka (University of California, Santa Barbara), Andreas L{\"u}ttge and Rolf Arvidson (University of Bremen), Denise Silva and Josephine Cheung (GCP), and Larry Robert (Roberts Consulting), for their insightful advice on this work. A special thanks is also given to Narges Nourian for all of her help on with the data analysis. We also thank Bret Robertson for his help in the fCT data collection. The XRD measurements were made at GCP by Jeffrey Nicolich. Use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials and the Advanced Photon Source, both Office of Science user facilities, was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The following are the supplementary data related to this article. Evolution of voids in OPC mC = 0.70 shown in 3D with representative 2D slices, and total volume change and calorimetry curves. 3 S w/s Supplementary video 1 Evolution of voids in OPC w/s = 0.40 shown in 3D with representative 2D slices, and total volume change and calorimetry curves. Supplementary video 2 Supplementary Appendix Image 1 Supplementary data to this article can be found online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2017.09.056 . Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017 Elsevier Ltd",
year = "2017",
month = dec,
day = "15",
doi = "10.1016/j.matdes.2017.09.056",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "136",
pages = "137--149",
journal = "Materials and Design",
issn = "0264-1275",
publisher = "Elsevier BV",
}