@article{7ee6ba145726409f860aa82a3f8219fe,
title = "Density split statistics: Cosmological constraints from counts and lensing in cells in des Y1 and SDSS data",
abstract = "We derive cosmological constraints from the probability distribution function (PDF) of evolved large-scale matter density fluctuations. We do this by splitting lines of sight by density based on their count of tracer galaxies, and by measuring both gravitational shear around and counts-in-cells in overdense and underdense lines of sight, in Dark Energy Survey (DES) First Year and Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) data. Our analysis uses a perturbation theory model [O. Friedrich, Phys. Rev. D 98, 023508 (2018)10.1103/PhysRevD.98.023508] and is validated using N-body simulation realizations and log-normal mocks. It allows us to constrain cosmology, bias and stochasticity of galaxies with respect to matter density and, in addition, the skewness of the matter density field. From a Bayesian model comparison, we find that the data weakly prefer a connection of galaxies and matter that is stochastic beyond Poisson fluctuations on ≤20 arcmin angular smoothing scale. The two stochasticity models we fit yield DES constraints on the matter density Ωm=0.26-0.03+0.04 and Ωm=0.28-0.04+0.05 that are consistent with each other. These values also agree with the DES analysis of galaxy and shear two-point functions (3x2pt, DES Collaboration et al.) that only uses second moments of the PDF. Constraints on σ8 are model dependent (σ8=0.97-0.06+0.07 and 0.80-0.07+0.06 for the two stochasticity models), but consistent with each other and with the 3 x 2pt results if stochasticity is at the low end of the posterior range. As an additional test of gravity, counts and lensing in cells allow to compare the skewness S3 of the matter density PDF to its ΛCDM prediction. We find no evidence of excess skewness in any model or data set, with better than 25 per cent relative precision in the skewness estimate from DES alone.",
author = "{(DES Collaboration)} and D. Gruen and O. Friedrich and E. Krause and J. Derose and R. Cawthon and C. Davis and J. Elvin-Poole and Rykoff, {E. S.} and Wechsler, {R. H.} and A. Alarcon and Bernstein, {G. M.} and J. Blazek and C. Chang and J. Clampitt and M. Crocce and {De Vicente}, J. and M. Gatti and Gill, {M. S.S.} and Hartley, {W. G.} and S. Hilbert and B. Hoyle and B. Jain and M. Jarvis and O. Lahav and N. Maccrann and T. McClintock and J. Prat and Rollins, {R. P.} and Ross, {A. J.} and E. Rozo and S. Samuroff and C. S{\'a}nchez and E. Sheldon and Troxel, {M. A.} and J. Zuntz and Abbott, {T. M.C.} and Abdalla, {F. B.} and S. Allam and J. Annis and K. Bechtol and A. Benoit-L{\'e}vy and E. Bertin and Bridle, {S. L.} and D. Brooks and E. Buckley-Geer and {Carnero Rosell}, A. and {Carrasco Kind}, M. and J. Carretero and Cunha, {C. E.} and P. Melchior",
note = "Funding Information: D. G. thanks Yao-Yuan Mao, Cora Uhlemann, Zvonimir Vlah, and numerous members of the DES WL, LSS and Theory working groups for helpful discussions. Support for D. G. was provided by NASA through Einstein Postdoctoral Fellowship Grant No. PF5-160138 awarded by the Chandra X-ray Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for NASA under contract NAS8-03060. O. F. acknowledges funding by SFB-Transregio 33 {\textquoteleft}The Dark Universe{\textquoteright} by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) and the DFG Cluster of Excellence {\textquoteleft}Origin and Structure of the Universe.{\textquoteright} Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Funda{\c c}{\~a}o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo {\`a} Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient{\'i}fico e Tecnol{\'o}gico and the Minist{\'e}rio da Ci{\^e}ncia, Tecnologia e Inova{\c c}{\~a}o, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey. The Collaborating Institutions are Argonne National Laboratory, the University of California at Santa Cruz, the University of Cambridge, Centro de Investigaciones Energ{\'e}ticas, Medioambientales y Tecnol{\'o}gicas-Madrid, the University of Chicago, University College London, the DES-Brazil Consortium, the University of Edinburgh, the Eidgen{\"o}ssische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Z{\"u}rich, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Institut de Ci{\`e}ncies de l{\textquoteright}Espai (IEEC/CSIC), the Institut de F{\'i}sica d{\textquoteright}Altes Energies, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the Ludwig-Maximilians Universit{\"a}t M{\"u}nchen and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe, the University of Michigan, the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, the University of Nottingham, The Ohio State University, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Portsmouth, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, the University of Sussex, Texas A&M University, and the OzDES Membership Consortium. Based in part on observations at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, National Optical Astronomy Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. AST-1138766 and No. AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under Grants No. AYA2015-71825, No. ESP2015-88861, No. FPA2015-68048, No. SEV-2012-0234, No. SEV-2016-0597, and No. MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. I. F. A. E. is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union{\textquoteright}s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC Grant agreements No. 240672, No. 291329, and No. 306478. We acknowledge support from the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO), through Project No. CE110001020. S. H. acknowledges support by the DFG cluster of excellence {\textquoteleft}Origin and Structure of the Universe{\textquoteright} ( http://www.universe-cluster.de ). This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. This paper has gone through internal review by the DES collaboration. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 American Physical Society.",
year = "2018",
month = jul,
day = "15",
doi = "10.1103/PhysRevD.98.023507",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "98",
journal = "Physical Review D",
issn = "2470-0010",
publisher = "American Physical Society",
number = "2",
}