TY - JOUR
T1 - Demonstration and comparison of photomultiplier tubes at liquid Argon temperature
AU - Acciarri, R.
AU - Antonello, M.
AU - Boffelli, F.
AU - Cambiaghi, M.
AU - Canci, N.
AU - Cavanna, F.
AU - Cocco, A. G.
AU - Deniskina, N.
AU - Di Pompeo, F.
AU - Fiorillo, G.
AU - Galbiati, C.
AU - Grandi, L.
AU - Kryczynski, P.
AU - Meng, G.
AU - Montanari, C.
AU - Palamara, O.
AU - Pandola, L.
AU - Perfetto, F.
AU - Piano Mortari, G. B.
AU - Pietropaolo, F.
AU - Raselli, G. L.
AU - Rubbia, C.
AU - Segreto, E.
AU - Szelc, A. M.
AU - Triossi, A.
AU - Ventura, S.
AU - Vignoli, C.
AU - Zani, A.
PY - 2012/1
Y1 - 2012/1
N2 - Liquified noble gases are widely used as a target in direct Dark Matter searches. Signals from scintillation in the liquid, following energy deposition from the recoil nuclei scattered by Dark Matter particles (e.g. WIMPs), should be recorded down to very low energies by photosensors suitably designed to operate at cryogenic temperatures. Liquid Argon based detectors for Dark Matter searches currently implement photomultiplier tubes for signal read-out. In the last few years PMTs with photocathodes operating down to liquid Argon temperatures (87 K) have been specially developed with increasing Quantum Efficiency characteristics. The most recent of these, Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Mod. R11065 with peak QE up to about 35%, has been extensively tested within the R&D program of the WArP Collaboration. During these tests the Hamamatsu PMTs showed excellent performance and allowed obtaining a light yield around 7 phel/keVee in a Liquid Argon detector with a photocathodic coverage in the 12% range, sufficient for detection of events down to few keV ee of energy deposition. This shows that this new type of PMT is suited for experimental applications, in particular for new direct Dark Matter searches with LAr-based experiments.
AB - Liquified noble gases are widely used as a target in direct Dark Matter searches. Signals from scintillation in the liquid, following energy deposition from the recoil nuclei scattered by Dark Matter particles (e.g. WIMPs), should be recorded down to very low energies by photosensors suitably designed to operate at cryogenic temperatures. Liquid Argon based detectors for Dark Matter searches currently implement photomultiplier tubes for signal read-out. In the last few years PMTs with photocathodes operating down to liquid Argon temperatures (87 K) have been specially developed with increasing Quantum Efficiency characteristics. The most recent of these, Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Mod. R11065 with peak QE up to about 35%, has been extensively tested within the R&D program of the WArP Collaboration. During these tests the Hamamatsu PMTs showed excellent performance and allowed obtaining a light yield around 7 phel/keVee in a Liquid Argon detector with a photocathodic coverage in the 12% range, sufficient for detection of events down to few keV ee of energy deposition. This shows that this new type of PMT is suited for experimental applications, in particular for new direct Dark Matter searches with LAr-based experiments.
KW - Instrument optimization
KW - Noble-liquid detectors (scintillation, ionization two-phase)
KW - Scintillators, scintillation and light emission processes (solid, gas and liquid scintillators)
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U2 - 10.1088/1748-0221/7/01/P01016
DO - 10.1088/1748-0221/7/01/P01016
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84856887481
SN - 1748-0221
VL - 7
JO - Journal of Instrumentation
JF - Journal of Instrumentation
IS - 1
M1 - P01016
ER -