Deep learning sequence-based ab initio prediction of variant effects on expression and disease risk

Jian Zhou, Chandra L. Theesfeld, Kevin Yao, Kathleen M. Chen, Aaron K. Wong, Olga G. Troyanskaya

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

313 Scopus citations

Abstract

Key challenges for human genetics, precision medicine and evolutionary biology include deciphering the regulatory code of gene expression and understanding the transcriptional effects of genome variation. However, this is extremely difficult because of the enormous scale of the noncoding mutation space. We developed a deep learning–based framework, ExPecto, that can accurately predict, ab initio from a DNA sequence, the tissue-specific transcriptional effects of mutations, including those that are rare or that have not been observed. We prioritized causal variants within disease- or trait-associated loci from all publicly available genome-wide association studies and experimentally validated predictions for four immune-related diseases. By exploiting the scalability of ExPecto, we characterized the regulatory mutation space for human RNA polymerase II–transcribed genes by in silico saturation mutagenesis and profiled > 140 million promoter-proximal mutations. This enables probing of evolutionary constraints on gene expression and ab initio prediction of mutation disease effects, making ExPecto an end-to-end computational framework for the in silico prediction of expression and disease risk.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1171-1179
Number of pages9
JournalNature Genetics
Volume50
Issue number8
DOIs
StatePublished - Aug 1 2018

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Genetics

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