Decentralized optimization over noisy, rate-constrained networks: How we agree by talking about how we disagree

In decentralized optimization, multiple nodes in a network collaborate to minimize the sum of their local loss functions. The information exchange between nodes required for this task is often limited by network connectivity. We consider a generalization of this setting, in which communication is further hindered by (i) a finite data-rate constraint on the signal transmitted by any node, and (ii) an additive noise corrupting the signal received by any node. We develop a novel algorithm for this scenario: Decentralized Lazy Mirror Descent with Differential Exchanges (DLMD-DiffEx), which guarantees convergence of the local estimates to the optimal solution. A salient feature of DLMD-DiffEx is the introduction of additional proxy variables that are maintained by the nodes to account for the disagreement in their estimates due to channel noise and data-rate constraints. We investigate the performance of DLMD-DiffEx both from a theoretical perspective as well as through numerical evaluations.