@article{3607135429c4493aa31158a59aad6781,
title = "Criteria for Directly Detecting Topological Fermi Arcs in Weyl Semimetals",
abstract = "The recent discovery of the first Weyl semimetal in TaAs provides the first observation of a Weyl fermion in nature and demonstrates a novel type of anomalous surface state, the Fermi arc. Like topological insulators, the bulk topological invariants of a Weyl semimetal are uniquely fixed by the surface states of a bulk sample. Here we present a set of distinct conditions, accessible by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), each of which demonstrates topological Fermi arcs in a surface state band structure, with minimal reliance on calculation. We apply these results to TaAs and NbP. For the first time, we rigorously demonstrate a nonzero Chern number in TaAs by counting chiral edge modes on a closed loop. We further show that it is unreasonable to directly observe Fermi arcs in NbP by ARPES within available experimental resolution and spectral linewidth. Our results are general and apply to any new material to demonstrate a Weyl semimetal.",
author = "Ilya Belopolski and Xu, {Su Yang} and Sanchez, {Daniel S.} and Guoqing Chang and Cheng Guo and Madhab Neupane and Hao Zheng and Lee, {Chi Cheng} and Huang, {Shin Ming} and Guang Bian and Nasser Alidoust and Chang, {Tay Rong} and Baokai Wang and Xiao Zhang and Arun Bansil and Jeng, {Horng Tay} and Hsin Lin and Shuang Jia and Hasan, {M. Zahid}",
note = "Funding Information: Work at Princeton University and Princeton-led synchrotron-based ARPES measurements are supported by the Emergent Phenomena in Quantum Systems Initiative of the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation under Grant No. GBMF4547 (M.Z.H.) and by the National Science Foundation, Division of Materials Research, under Grants No. NSF-DMR-1507585 and No. NSF-DMR-1006492. Single-crystal growth is supported by the National Basic Research Program of China under Grants No. 2013CB921901 and No. 2014CB239302. H.L. acknowledges the Singapore National Research Foundation under Award No. NRF-NRFF2013-03. The work at Northeastern University is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences under Grant No. DE-FG02-07ER46352, and benefited from theory support at the Advanced Light Source and the allocation of supercomputer time at the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center under U.S. DOE Grant No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. I.B. acknowledges the support of the U.S. National Science Foundation GRFP. M.N. is supported by the Los Alamos National Laboratory LDRD program and start-up funds from the University of Central Florida. We thank Makoto Hashimoto and Donghui Lu for technical assistance with the ARPES measurements at SSRL beam line 5-4, SLAC, Menlo Park, CA, USA. We also thank Nicholas Plumb and Ming Shi for technical assistance with the ARPES measurements at the HRPES end station of the SIS beam line, Swiss Light Source, Villigen, Switzerland. Funding Information: Work at Princeton University and Princeton-led synchrotron-based ARPES measurements are supported by the Emergent Phenomena in Quantum Systems Initiative of the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation under Grant No.?GBMF4547 (M.Z.H.) and by the National Science Foundation, Division of Materials Research, under Grants No.?NSF-DMR-1507585 and No.?NSF-DMR-1006492. Single-crystal growth is supported by the National Basic Research Program of China under Grants No.?2013CB921901 and No.?2014CB239302. H.L. acknowledges the Singapore National Research Foundation under Award No.?NRF-NRFF2013-03. The work at Northeastern University is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences under Grant No.?DE-FG02-07ER46352, and benefited from theory support at the Advanced Light Source and the allocation of supercomputer time at the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center under U.S. DOE Grant No.?DE-AC02-05CH11231. I.B. acknowledges the support of the U.S. National Science Foundation GRFP. M.N. is supported by the Los Alamos National Laboratory LDRD program and start-up funds from the University of Central Florida. We thank Makoto Hashimoto and Donghui Lu for technical assistance with the ARPES measurements at SSRL beam line 5-4, SLAC, Menlo Park, CA, USA. We also thank Nicholas Plumb and Ming Shi for technical assistance with the ARPES measurements at the HRPES end station of the SIS beam line, Swiss Light Source, Villigen, Switzerland. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2016 American Physical Society.",
year = "2016",
month = feb,
day = "10",
doi = "10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.066802",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "116",
journal = "Physical Review Letters",
issn = "0031-9007",
publisher = "American Physical Society",
number = "6",
}