Controlling the work function of indium tin oxide: Differentiating dipolar from local surface effects

Jeffrey Schwartz; Eric L. Bruner; Norbert Koch; Amelia R. Span; Steven L. Bernasek; Antoine Kahn

doi:10.1016/S0379-6779(02)01290-0

Controlling the work function of indium tin oxide: Differentiating dipolar from local surface effects

Jeffrey Schwartz, Eric L. Bruner, Norbert Koch, Amelia R. Span, Steven L. Bernasek, Antoine Kahn

Research output: Contribution to journal › Conference article › peer-review

24 Scopus citations

Abstract

Indium tin oxide (ITO) reacts with tetra(tert-butoxy)tin to give surface bound alkoxytin species. Ligand exchange occurs in these surface bound species by reaction with substituted phenols. The speciation of surface phenoxides was measured in ultrahigh vacuum by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, as was the work function for the surface modified ITO. It is shown that the molecular dipole moment of the phenol correlates strongly with the measured ITO work function change; no such correlation exists between the acidity of the phenol and this measured change in work function. Results are consistent therefore with an electrostatic model and not with one involving electronegativities of the ligated phenoxide oxygens.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	223-227
Number of pages	5
Journal	Synthetic Metals
Volume	138
Issue number	1-2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0379-6779(02)01290-0
State	Published - Jun 2 2003
Event	Organic Materials for Device Applications - Proceedings - Strasbourg, France Duration: Jun 18 2002 → Jun 21 2002

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Condensed Matter Physics
Mechanics of Materials
Mechanical Engineering
Metals and Alloys
Materials Chemistry

Keywords

ITO
Surface dipole
Surface modification

Access to Document

10.1016/S0379-6779(02)01290-0

Cite this

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title = "Controlling the work function of indium tin oxide: Differentiating dipolar from local surface effects",

abstract = "Indium tin oxide (ITO) reacts with tetra(tert-butoxy)tin to give surface bound alkoxytin species. Ligand exchange occurs in these surface bound species by reaction with substituted phenols. The speciation of surface phenoxides was measured in ultrahigh vacuum by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, as was the work function for the surface modified ITO. It is shown that the molecular dipole moment of the phenol correlates strongly with the measured ITO work function change; no such correlation exists between the acidity of the phenol and this measured change in work function. Results are consistent therefore with an electrostatic model and not with one involving electronegativities of the ligated phenoxide oxygens.",

keywords = "ITO, Surface dipole, Surface modification",

author = "Jeffrey Schwartz and Bruner, {Eric L.} and Norbert Koch and Span, {Amelia R.} and Bernasek, {Steven L.} and Antoine Kahn",

year = "2003",

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doi = "10.1016/S0379-6779(02)01290-0",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "138",

pages = "223--227",

journal = "Synthetic Metals",

issn = "0379-6779",

publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",

number = "1-2",

note = "Organic Materials for Device Applications - Proceedings ; Conference date: 18-06-2002 Through 21-06-2002",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Controlling the work function of indium tin oxide

T2 - Organic Materials for Device Applications - Proceedings

AU - Schwartz, Jeffrey

AU - Bruner, Eric L.

AU - Koch, Norbert

AU - Span, Amelia R.

AU - Bernasek, Steven L.

AU - Kahn, Antoine

PY - 2003/6/2

Y1 - 2003/6/2

N2 - Indium tin oxide (ITO) reacts with tetra(tert-butoxy)tin to give surface bound alkoxytin species. Ligand exchange occurs in these surface bound species by reaction with substituted phenols. The speciation of surface phenoxides was measured in ultrahigh vacuum by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, as was the work function for the surface modified ITO. It is shown that the molecular dipole moment of the phenol correlates strongly with the measured ITO work function change; no such correlation exists between the acidity of the phenol and this measured change in work function. Results are consistent therefore with an electrostatic model and not with one involving electronegativities of the ligated phenoxide oxygens.

AB - Indium tin oxide (ITO) reacts with tetra(tert-butoxy)tin to give surface bound alkoxytin species. Ligand exchange occurs in these surface bound species by reaction with substituted phenols. The speciation of surface phenoxides was measured in ultrahigh vacuum by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, as was the work function for the surface modified ITO. It is shown that the molecular dipole moment of the phenol correlates strongly with the measured ITO work function change; no such correlation exists between the acidity of the phenol and this measured change in work function. Results are consistent therefore with an electrostatic model and not with one involving electronegativities of the ligated phenoxide oxygens.

KW - ITO

KW - Surface dipole

KW - Surface modification

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U2 - 10.1016/S0379-6779(02)01290-0

DO - 10.1016/S0379-6779(02)01290-0

M3 - Conference article

AN - SCOPUS:0037902122

SN - 0379-6779

VL - 138

SP - 223

EP - 227

JO - Synthetic Metals

JF - Synthetic Metals

IS - 1-2

Y2 - 18 June 2002 through 21 June 2002

ER -

Controlling the work function of indium tin oxide: Differentiating dipolar from local surface effects

Abstract

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Keywords

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