Cascaded displays: Spatiotemporal superresolution using offset pixel layers

Felix Heide, Douglas Lanman, Dikpal Reddy, Jan Kautz, Kari Pulli, David Luebke

Research output: Contribution to journalConference articlepeer-review

17 Scopus citations

Abstract

We demonstrate that layered spatial light modulators (SLMs), subject to fixed lateral displacements and refreshed at staggered intervals, can synthesize images with greater spatiotemporal resolution than that afforded by any single SLM used in their construction. Dubbed cascaded displays, such architectures enable superresolution flat panel displays (e.g., using thin stacks of liquid crystal displays (LCDs)) and digital projectors (e.g., relaying the image of one SLM onto another). We introduce a comprehensive optimization framework, leveraging non-negative matrix and tensor factorization, that decomposes target images and videos into multi-layered, time-multiplexed attenuation patterns-offering a flexible trade-off between apparent image brightness, spatial resolution, and refresh rate. Through this analysis, we develop a real-time dual-layer factorization method that quadruples spatial resolution and doubles refresh rate. Compared to prior superresolution displays, cascaded displays place fewer restrictions on the hardware, offering thin designs without moving parts or the necessity of temporal multiplexing. Furthermore, cascaded displays are the first use of multi-layer displays to increase apparent temporal resolution. We validate these concepts using two custom-built prototypes: a dual-layer LCD and a dual-modulation liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) projector, with the former emphasizing head-mounted display (HMD) applications.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article number60
JournalACM Transactions on Graphics
Volume33
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - 2014
Externally publishedYes
Event41st International Conference and Exhibition on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, ACM SIGGRAPH 2014 - Vancouver, BC, Canada
Duration: Aug 10 2014Aug 14 2014

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design

Keywords

  • Dual modulation displays
  • Multi-layer displays
  • Non-negative matrix and tensor factorization
  • Superresolution

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