Candidate genes required for embryonic development: A comparative analysis of distal mouse chromosome 14 and human chromosome 13q22

Mice homozygous for the Ednrb^s-1Acrg deletion arrest at embryonic day 8.5 from defects associated with mesoderm development. To determine the molecular basis of this phenotype, we initiated a positional cloning of the Acrg minimal region. This region was predicted to be gene-poor by several criteria. From comparative analysis with the syntenic human locus at 13q22 and gene prediction program analysis, we found a single cluster of four genes within the 1.4- to 2-Mb contig over the Acrg minimal region that is flanked by a gene desert. We also found 130 highly conserved nonexonic sequences that were distributed over the gene cluster and desert. The four genes encode the TBC (Tre-2, BUB2, CDC16) domain-containing protein KIAA0603, the ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L3 (UCHL3), the F-box/PDZ/LIM domain protein LMO7, and a novel gene. On the basis of their expression profile during development, all four genes are candidates for the Ednrb^s-1Acrg embryonic lethality. Because we determined that a mutant of Uchl3 was viable, three candidate genes remain within the region.