TY - JOUR
T1 - Boat to bowl
T2 - Resilience through network rewiring of a community-supported fishery amid the COVID-19 pandemic
AU - Carlson, Andrew K.
AU - Young, Talia
AU - Centeno, Miguel A.
AU - Levin, Simon A.
AU - Rubenstein, Daniel I.
N1 - Funding Information:
Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the . Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI. Princeton University Office of the Provost International Fund David H. Smith Conservation Research Fellowship Program Office of the Dean for Research, Princeton University http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100007242 U.S. Department of Agriculture http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000199 16LFPPNJ0049 High Meadows Environmental Institute, Princeton University Princeton University Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment yes � 2021 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd
PY - 2021/3
Y1 - 2021/3
N2 - Fisheries are coupled human-natural systems locally, regionally, and globally. However, human-nature interactions within and between adjacent and distant systems (metacouplings) are rarely studied in fisheries despite their prevalence and policy relevance. We filled this knowledge gap by using network models to identify how the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has rewired couplings and reshaped resilience of Fishadelphia, a community-supported fishery program (CSF) in New Jersey and Pennsylvania, USA. As abstractions illustrating interactions among supply-chain actors, networks are helpful for characterizing flows and assessing resilience to disturbances such as those induced by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Since Fall 2018, 18 seafood (finfish and shellfish) species totaling 6273 lbs have flowed from harvesters (n = 4), to processors (n = 2), to a distributor, to retailers (n = 2), and finally to customers (n = 183). The pandemic reduced the number of seafood harvesters and processors (−50%), seafood flow quantity (−25%), species diversity in the marketplace (−67%), and species per supplier (−50%) before stopping flows in mid-March 2020, when Fishadelphia closed for 3 months. Models of network optimality indicated that the pandemic fragmented metacouplings that previously allowed multiple seafood suppliers to provide diverse products to customers. However, demand-side resilience increased through dispersed, socially distanced, efficient seafood delivery that expanded the customer base and generally increased customer satisfaction. This resilience dichotomy-wherein the post-closure network was less resilient than the pre-closure network in supply-side species diversity, but more resilient in demand-side social distancing, delivery efficiency, and customer satisfaction-has implications for rewiring networks to sustain CSFs and other local food systems amid ecological and social disturbances.
AB - Fisheries are coupled human-natural systems locally, regionally, and globally. However, human-nature interactions within and between adjacent and distant systems (metacouplings) are rarely studied in fisheries despite their prevalence and policy relevance. We filled this knowledge gap by using network models to identify how the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has rewired couplings and reshaped resilience of Fishadelphia, a community-supported fishery program (CSF) in New Jersey and Pennsylvania, USA. As abstractions illustrating interactions among supply-chain actors, networks are helpful for characterizing flows and assessing resilience to disturbances such as those induced by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Since Fall 2018, 18 seafood (finfish and shellfish) species totaling 6273 lbs have flowed from harvesters (n = 4), to processors (n = 2), to a distributor, to retailers (n = 2), and finally to customers (n = 183). The pandemic reduced the number of seafood harvesters and processors (−50%), seafood flow quantity (−25%), species diversity in the marketplace (−67%), and species per supplier (−50%) before stopping flows in mid-March 2020, when Fishadelphia closed for 3 months. Models of network optimality indicated that the pandemic fragmented metacouplings that previously allowed multiple seafood suppliers to provide diverse products to customers. However, demand-side resilience increased through dispersed, socially distanced, efficient seafood delivery that expanded the customer base and generally increased customer satisfaction. This resilience dichotomy-wherein the post-closure network was less resilient than the pre-closure network in supply-side species diversity, but more resilient in demand-side social distancing, delivery efficiency, and customer satisfaction-has implications for rewiring networks to sustain CSFs and other local food systems amid ecological and social disturbances.
KW - COVID-19
KW - CSF
KW - Community-supported fishery programs
KW - Coronavirus
KW - Coupled human and natural systems
KW - Metacoupling
KW - SARS-CoV-2
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85102480905&partnerID=8YFLogxK
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U2 - 10.1088/1748-9326/abe4f6
DO - 10.1088/1748-9326/abe4f6
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85102480905
SN - 1748-9326
VL - 16
JO - Environmental Research Letters
JF - Environmental Research Letters
IS - 3
M1 - 034054
ER -