TY - JOUR
T1 - Analysis, manufacture and characterization of Ni/Cu functionally graded structures
AU - Rubio, Wilfredo Montealegre
AU - Paulino, Glaucio H.
AU - Silva, Emilio Carlos Nelli
N1 - Funding Information:
The first author thanks FAPESP (São Paulo State Foundation Research Agency) for supporting him in his graduate studies through the fellowship No. 05/01762-5. The second author’s contribution was based on work supported by the USA National Science Foundation (NSF), while working at the foundation as a program director. The last author is thankful for the financial support received from both CNPq (National Council for Research and Development, Brazil, No. 303689/2009-9) and FAPESP (Process No. 2011/02387-4). Finally, we are grateful to Dr. Mario Gonzalez Ramirez at Department of Material and Metalurgical engineering from University of São Paulo for his technical support in order to obtain the microphotographs of FGS samples and their chemical composition by using Energy Dispersive Spectrometry.
PY - 2012/10
Y1 - 2012/10
N2 - In this work, an experimental and numerical analysis and characterization of functionally graded structures (FGSs) is developed. Nickel (Ni) and copper (Cu) materials are used as basic materials in the numerical modeling and experimental characterization. For modeling, a MATLAB finite element code is developed, which allows simulation of harmonic and modal analysis considering the graded finite element formulation. For experimental characterization, Ni-Cu FGSs are manufactured by using spark plasma sintering technique. Hardness and Young's modulus are found by using microindentation and ultrasonic measurements, respectively. The effective gradation of Ni/Cu FGS is addressed by means of optical microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy and hardness testing. For the purpose of comparing modeling and experimental results, the hardness curve, along the gradation direction, is used for identifying the gradation profile; accordingly, the experimental hardness curve is used for approximating the Young's modulus variation and the graded finite element modeling is used for verification. For the first two resonance frequency values, a difference smaller than 1% between simulated and experimental results is obtained.
AB - In this work, an experimental and numerical analysis and characterization of functionally graded structures (FGSs) is developed. Nickel (Ni) and copper (Cu) materials are used as basic materials in the numerical modeling and experimental characterization. For modeling, a MATLAB finite element code is developed, which allows simulation of harmonic and modal analysis considering the graded finite element formulation. For experimental characterization, Ni-Cu FGSs are manufactured by using spark plasma sintering technique. Hardness and Young's modulus are found by using microindentation and ultrasonic measurements, respectively. The effective gradation of Ni/Cu FGS is addressed by means of optical microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy and hardness testing. For the purpose of comparing modeling and experimental results, the hardness curve, along the gradation direction, is used for identifying the gradation profile; accordingly, the experimental hardness curve is used for approximating the Young's modulus variation and the graded finite element modeling is used for verification. For the first two resonance frequency values, a difference smaller than 1% between simulated and experimental results is obtained.
KW - A. Functionally graded structures
KW - A. Nickel/copper gradation
KW - C. Spark plasma sintering
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U2 - 10.1016/j.matdes.2012.04.038
DO - 10.1016/j.matdes.2012.04.038
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84861631593
SN - 0264-1275
VL - 41
SP - 255
EP - 265
JO - Materials and Design
JF - Materials and Design
ER -