An Earth-sized Planet on the Verge of Tidal Disruption

Fei Dai; Andrew W. Howard; Samuel Halverson; Jaume Orell-Miquel; Enric Pallé; Howard Isaacson; Benjamin Fulton; Ellen M. Price; Mykhaylo Plotnykov; Leslie A. Rogers; Diana Valencia; Kimberly Paragas; Michael Greklek-McKeon; Jonathan Gomez Barrientos; Heather A. Knutson; Erik A. Petigura; Lauren M. Weiss; Rena Lee; Casey L. Brinkman; Daniel Huber; Gumundur Stefánsson; Kento Masuda; Steven Giacalone; Cicero X. Lu; Edwin S. Kite; Renyu Hu; Eric Gaidos; Michael Zhang; Ryan A. Rubenzahl; Joshua N. Winn; Te Han; Corey Beard; Rae Holcomb; Aaron Householder; Gregory J. Gilbert; Jack Lubin; J. M.Joel Ong; Alex S. Polanski; Nicholas Saunders; Judah Van Zandt; Samuel W. Yee; Jingwen Zhang; Jon Zink; Bradford Holden; Ashley Baker; Max Brodheim; Ian J.M. Crossfield; William Deich; Jerry Edelstein; Steven R. Gibson; Grant M. Hill; Sharon R. Jelinsky; Marc Kassis; Russ R. Laher; Kyle Lanclos; Scott Lilley; Joel N. Payne; Kodi Rider; Paul Robertson; Arpita Roy; Christian Schwab; Abby P. Shaum; Martin M. Sirk; Chris Smith; Adam Vandenberg; Josh Walawender; Sharon X. Wang; Shin Ywan Wang; Edward Wishnow; Jason T. Wright; Sherry Yeh; José A. Caballero; Juan C. Morales; Felipe Murgas; Evangelos Nagel; Ansgar Reiners; Andreas Schweitzer; Hugo M. Tabernero; Mathias Zechmeister; Alton Spencer; David R. Ciardi; Catherine A. Clark; Michael B. Lund; Douglas A. Caldwell; Karen A. Collins; Richard P. Schwarz; Khalid Barkaoui; Cristilyn Watkins; Avi Shporer; Norio Narita; Akihiko Fukui; Gregor Srdoc; David W. Latham; Jon M. Jenkins; George R. Ricker; Sara Seager; Roland Vanderspek

doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ad5a7d

An Earth-sized Planet on the Verge of Tidal Disruption

Fei Dai, Andrew W. Howard, Samuel Halverson, Jaume Orell-Miquel, Enric Pallé, Howard Isaacson, Benjamin Fulton, Ellen M. Price, Mykhaylo Plotnykov, Leslie A. Rogers, Diana Valencia, Kimberly Paragas, Michael Greklek-McKeon, Jonathan Gomez Barrientos, Heather A. Knutson, Erik A. Petigura, Lauren M. Weiss, Rena Lee, Casey L. Brinkman, Daniel HuberGumundur Stefánsson, Kento Masuda, Steven Giacalone, Cicero X. Lu, Edwin S. Kite, Renyu Hu, Eric Gaidos, Michael Zhang, Ryan A. Rubenzahl, Joshua N. Winn, Te Han, Corey Beard, Rae Holcomb, Aaron Householder, Gregory J. Gilbert, Jack Lubin, J. M.Joel Ong, Alex S. Polanski, Nicholas Saunders, Judah Van Zandt, Samuel W. Yee, Jingwen Zhang, Jon Zink, Bradford Holden, Ashley Baker, Max Brodheim, Ian J.M. Crossfield, William Deich, Jerry Edelstein, Steven R. Gibson, Grant M. Hill, Sharon R. Jelinsky, Marc Kassis, Russ R. Laher, Kyle Lanclos, Scott Lilley, Joel N. Payne, Kodi Rider, Paul Robertson, Arpita Roy, Christian Schwab, Abby P. Shaum, Martin M. Sirk, Chris Smith, Adam Vandenberg, Josh Walawender, Sharon X. Wang, Shin Ywan Wang, Edward Wishnow, Jason T. Wright, Sherry Yeh, José A. Caballero, Juan C. Morales, Felipe Murgas, Evangelos Nagel, Ansgar Reiners, Andreas Schweitzer, Hugo M. Tabernero, Mathias Zechmeister, Alton Spencer, David R. Ciardi, Catherine A. Clark, Michael B. Lund, Douglas A. Caldwell, Karen A. Collins, Richard P. Schwarz, Khalid Barkaoui, Cristilyn Watkins, Avi Shporer, Norio Narita, Akihiko Fukui, Gregor Srdoc, David W. Latham, Jon M. Jenkins, George R. Ricker, Sara Seager, Roland Vanderspek

Astrophysical Sciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

TOI-6255 b (GJ 4256) is an Earth-sized planet (1.079 ± 0.065 R _⊕) with an orbital period of only 5.7 hr. With the newly commissioned Keck Planet Finder and CARMENES spectrographs, we determine the planet’s mass to be 1.44 ± 0.14 M _⊕. The planet is just outside the Roche limit, with P _orb/P _Roche = 1.13 ± 0.10. The strong tidal force likely deforms the planet into a triaxial ellipsoid with a long axis that is ∼10% longer than the short axis. Assuming a reduced stellar tidal quality factor Q ⋆ ′ ≈ 10 7 , we predict that tidal orbital decay will cause TOI-6255 to reach the Roche limit in roughly 400 Myr. Such tidal disruptions may produce the possible signatures of planet engulfment that have been seen on stars with anomalously high refractory elemental abundances compared to their conatal binary companions. TOI-6255 b is also a favorable target for searching for star-planet magnetic interactions, which might cause interior melting and hasten orbital decay. TOI-6255 b is a top target (with an Emission Spectroscopy Metric of about 24) for phase-curve observations with the James Webb Space Telescope.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	101
Journal	Astronomical Journal
Volume	168
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad5a7d
State	Published - Sep 1 2024

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

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10.3847/1538-3881/ad5a7d

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Dai, F., Howard, A. W., Halverson, S., Orell-Miquel, J., Pallé, E., Isaacson, H., Fulton, B., Price, E. M., Plotnykov, M., Rogers, L. A., Valencia, D., Paragas, K., Greklek-McKeon, M., Gomez Barrientos, J., Knutson, H. A., Petigura, E. A., Weiss, L. M., Lee, R., Brinkman, C. L., ... Vanderspek, R. (2024). An Earth-sized Planet on the Verge of Tidal Disruption. Astronomical Journal, 168(3), Article 101. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad5a7d

@article{9721c0d60d834f66801a1ae379538c44,

title = "An Earth-sized Planet on the Verge of Tidal Disruption",

abstract = "TOI-6255 b (GJ 4256) is an Earth-sized planet (1.079 ± 0.065 R ⊕) with an orbital period of only 5.7 hr. With the newly commissioned Keck Planet Finder and CARMENES spectrographs, we determine the planet{\textquoteright}s mass to be 1.44 ± 0.14 M ⊕. The planet is just outside the Roche limit, with P orb/P Roche = 1.13 ± 0.10. The strong tidal force likely deforms the planet into a triaxial ellipsoid with a long axis that is ∼10% longer than the short axis. Assuming a reduced stellar tidal quality factor Q ⋆ ′ ≈ 10 7 , we predict that tidal orbital decay will cause TOI-6255 to reach the Roche limit in roughly 400 Myr. Such tidal disruptions may produce the possible signatures of planet engulfment that have been seen on stars with anomalously high refractory elemental abundances compared to their conatal binary companions. TOI-6255 b is also a favorable target for searching for star-planet magnetic interactions, which might cause interior melting and hasten orbital decay. TOI-6255 b is a top target (with an Emission Spectroscopy Metric of about 24) for phase-curve observations with the James Webb Space Telescope.",

author = "Fei Dai and Howard, {Andrew W.} and Samuel Halverson and Jaume Orell-Miquel and Enric Pall{\'e} and Howard Isaacson and Benjamin Fulton and Price, {Ellen M.} and Mykhaylo Plotnykov and Rogers, {Leslie A.} and Diana Valencia and Kimberly Paragas and Michael Greklek-McKeon and {Gomez Barrientos}, Jonathan and Knutson, {Heather A.} and Petigura, {Erik A.} and Weiss, {Lauren M.} and Rena Lee and Brinkman, {Casey L.} and Daniel Huber and Gumundur Stef{\'a}nsson and Kento Masuda and Steven Giacalone and Lu, {Cicero X.} and Kite, {Edwin S.} and Renyu Hu and Eric Gaidos and Michael Zhang and Rubenzahl, {Ryan A.} and Winn, {Joshua N.} and Te Han and Corey Beard and Rae Holcomb and Aaron Householder and Gilbert, {Gregory J.} and Jack Lubin and Ong, {J. M.Joel} and Polanski, {Alex S.} and Nicholas Saunders and {Van Zandt}, Judah and Yee, {Samuel W.} and Jingwen Zhang and Jon Zink and Bradford Holden and Ashley Baker and Max Brodheim and Crossfield, {Ian J.M.} and William Deich and Jerry Edelstein and Gibson, {Steven R.} and Hill, {Grant M.} and Jelinsky, {Sharon R.} and Marc Kassis and Laher, {Russ R.} and Kyle Lanclos and Scott Lilley and Payne, {Joel N.} and Kodi Rider and Paul Robertson and Arpita Roy and Christian Schwab and Shaum, {Abby P.} and Sirk, {Martin M.} and Chris Smith and Adam Vandenberg and Josh Walawender and Wang, {Sharon X.} and Wang, {Shin Ywan} and Edward Wishnow and Wright, {Jason T.} and Sherry Yeh and Caballero, {Jos{\'e} A.} and Morales, {Juan C.} and Felipe Murgas and Evangelos Nagel and Ansgar Reiners and Andreas Schweitzer and Tabernero, {Hugo M.} and Mathias Zechmeister and Alton Spencer and Ciardi, {David R.} and Clark, {Catherine A.} and Lund, {Michael B.} and Caldwell, {Douglas A.} and Collins, {Karen A.} and Schwarz, {Richard P.} and Khalid Barkaoui and Cristilyn Watkins and Avi Shporer and Norio Narita and Akihiko Fukui and Gregor Srdoc and Latham, {David W.} and Jenkins, {Jon M.} and Ricker, {George R.} and Sara Seager and Roland Vanderspek",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2024. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.",

year = "2024",

month = sep,

day = "1",

doi = "10.3847/1538-3881/ad5a7d",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "168",

journal = "Astronomical Journal",

issn = "0004-6256",

publisher = "American Astronomical Society",

number = "3",

}

Dai, F, Howard, AW, Halverson, S, Orell-Miquel, J, Pallé, E, Isaacson, H, Fulton, B, Price, EM, Plotnykov, M, Rogers, LA, Valencia, D, Paragas, K, Greklek-McKeon, M, Gomez Barrientos, J, Knutson, HA, Petigura, EA, Weiss, LM, Lee, R, Brinkman, CL, Huber, D, Stefánsson, G, Masuda, K, Giacalone, S, Lu, CX, Kite, ES, Hu, R, Gaidos, E, Zhang, M, Rubenzahl, RA, Winn, JN, Han, T, Beard, C, Holcomb, R, Householder, A, Gilbert, GJ, Lubin, J, Ong, JMJ, Polanski, AS, Saunders, N, Van Zandt, J, Yee, SW, Zhang, J, Zink, J, Holden, B, Baker, A, Brodheim, M, Crossfield, IJM, Deich, W, Edelstein, J, Gibson, SR, Hill, GM, Jelinsky, SR, Kassis, M, Laher, RR, Lanclos, K, Lilley, S, Payne, JN, Rider, K, Robertson, P, Roy, A, Schwab, C, Shaum, AP, Sirk, MM, Smith, C, Vandenberg, A, Walawender, J, Wang, SX, Wang, SY, Wishnow, E, Wright, JT, Yeh, S, Caballero, JA, Morales, JC, Murgas, F, Nagel, E, Reiners, A, Schweitzer, A, Tabernero, HM, Zechmeister, M, Spencer, A, Ciardi, DR, Clark, CA, Lund, MB, Caldwell, DA, Collins, KA, Schwarz, RP, Barkaoui, K, Watkins, C, Shporer, A, Narita, N, Fukui, A, Srdoc, G, Latham, DW, Jenkins, JM, Ricker, GR, Seager, S & Vanderspek, R 2024, 'An Earth-sized Planet on the Verge of Tidal Disruption', Astronomical Journal, vol. 168, no. 3, 101. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad5a7d

TY - JOUR

T1 - An Earth-sized Planet on the Verge of Tidal Disruption

AU - Dai, Fei

AU - Howard, Andrew W.

AU - Halverson, Samuel

AU - Orell-Miquel, Jaume

AU - Pallé, Enric

AU - Isaacson, Howard

AU - Fulton, Benjamin

AU - Price, Ellen M.

AU - Plotnykov, Mykhaylo

AU - Rogers, Leslie A.

AU - Valencia, Diana

AU - Paragas, Kimberly

AU - Greklek-McKeon, Michael

AU - Gomez Barrientos, Jonathan

AU - Knutson, Heather A.

AU - Petigura, Erik A.

AU - Weiss, Lauren M.

AU - Lee, Rena

AU - Brinkman, Casey L.

AU - Huber, Daniel

AU - Stefánsson, Gumundur

AU - Masuda, Kento

AU - Giacalone, Steven

AU - Lu, Cicero X.

AU - Kite, Edwin S.

AU - Hu, Renyu

AU - Gaidos, Eric

AU - Zhang, Michael

AU - Rubenzahl, Ryan A.

AU - Winn, Joshua N.

AU - Han, Te

AU - Beard, Corey

AU - Holcomb, Rae

AU - Householder, Aaron

AU - Gilbert, Gregory J.

AU - Lubin, Jack

AU - Ong, J. M.Joel

AU - Polanski, Alex S.

AU - Saunders, Nicholas

AU - Van Zandt, Judah

AU - Yee, Samuel W.

AU - Zhang, Jingwen

AU - Zink, Jon

AU - Holden, Bradford

AU - Baker, Ashley

AU - Brodheim, Max

AU - Crossfield, Ian J.M.

AU - Deich, William

AU - Edelstein, Jerry

AU - Gibson, Steven R.

AU - Hill, Grant M.

AU - Jelinsky, Sharon R.

AU - Kassis, Marc

AU - Laher, Russ R.

AU - Lanclos, Kyle

AU - Lilley, Scott

AU - Payne, Joel N.

AU - Rider, Kodi

AU - Robertson, Paul

AU - Roy, Arpita

AU - Schwab, Christian

AU - Shaum, Abby P.

AU - Sirk, Martin M.

AU - Smith, Chris

AU - Vandenberg, Adam

AU - Walawender, Josh

AU - Wang, Sharon X.

AU - Wang, Shin Ywan

AU - Wishnow, Edward

AU - Wright, Jason T.

AU - Yeh, Sherry

AU - Caballero, José A.

AU - Morales, Juan C.

AU - Murgas, Felipe

AU - Nagel, Evangelos

AU - Reiners, Ansgar

AU - Schweitzer, Andreas

AU - Tabernero, Hugo M.

AU - Zechmeister, Mathias

AU - Spencer, Alton

AU - Ciardi, David R.

AU - Clark, Catherine A.

AU - Lund, Michael B.

AU - Caldwell, Douglas A.

AU - Collins, Karen A.

AU - Schwarz, Richard P.

AU - Barkaoui, Khalid

AU - Watkins, Cristilyn

AU - Shporer, Avi

AU - Narita, Norio

AU - Fukui, Akihiko

AU - Srdoc, Gregor

AU - Latham, David W.

AU - Jenkins, Jon M.

AU - Ricker, George R.

AU - Seager, Sara

AU - Vanderspek, Roland

PY - 2024/9/1

Y1 - 2024/9/1

N2 - TOI-6255 b (GJ 4256) is an Earth-sized planet (1.079 ± 0.065 R ⊕) with an orbital period of only 5.7 hr. With the newly commissioned Keck Planet Finder and CARMENES spectrographs, we determine the planet’s mass to be 1.44 ± 0.14 M ⊕. The planet is just outside the Roche limit, with P orb/P Roche = 1.13 ± 0.10. The strong tidal force likely deforms the planet into a triaxial ellipsoid with a long axis that is ∼10% longer than the short axis. Assuming a reduced stellar tidal quality factor Q ⋆ ′ ≈ 10 7 , we predict that tidal orbital decay will cause TOI-6255 to reach the Roche limit in roughly 400 Myr. Such tidal disruptions may produce the possible signatures of planet engulfment that have been seen on stars with anomalously high refractory elemental abundances compared to their conatal binary companions. TOI-6255 b is also a favorable target for searching for star-planet magnetic interactions, which might cause interior melting and hasten orbital decay. TOI-6255 b is a top target (with an Emission Spectroscopy Metric of about 24) for phase-curve observations with the James Webb Space Telescope.

AB - TOI-6255 b (GJ 4256) is an Earth-sized planet (1.079 ± 0.065 R ⊕) with an orbital period of only 5.7 hr. With the newly commissioned Keck Planet Finder and CARMENES spectrographs, we determine the planet’s mass to be 1.44 ± 0.14 M ⊕. The planet is just outside the Roche limit, with P orb/P Roche = 1.13 ± 0.10. The strong tidal force likely deforms the planet into a triaxial ellipsoid with a long axis that is ∼10% longer than the short axis. Assuming a reduced stellar tidal quality factor Q ⋆ ′ ≈ 10 7 , we predict that tidal orbital decay will cause TOI-6255 to reach the Roche limit in roughly 400 Myr. Such tidal disruptions may produce the possible signatures of planet engulfment that have been seen on stars with anomalously high refractory elemental abundances compared to their conatal binary companions. TOI-6255 b is also a favorable target for searching for star-planet magnetic interactions, which might cause interior melting and hasten orbital decay. TOI-6255 b is a top target (with an Emission Spectroscopy Metric of about 24) for phase-curve observations with the James Webb Space Telescope.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85200643781&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85200643781&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3847/1538-3881/ad5a7d

DO - 10.3847/1538-3881/ad5a7d

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85200643781

SN - 0004-6256

VL - 168

JO - Astronomical Journal

JF - Astronomical Journal

IS - 3

M1 - 101

ER -

An Earth-sized Planet on the Verge of Tidal Disruption

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