Actual and counterfactual effort contribute to responsibility attributions in collaborative tasks

Yang Xiang, Jenna Landy, Fiery A. Cushman, Natalia Vélez, Samuel J. Gershman

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

5 Scopus citations

Abstract

How do people judge responsibility in collaborative tasks? Past work has proposed a number of metrics that people may use to attribute blame and credit to others, such as effort, competence, and force. Some theories consider only the actual effort or force (individuals are more responsible if they put forth more effort or force), whereas others consider counterfactuals (individuals are more responsible if some alternative behavior on their or their collaborator's part could have altered the outcome). Across four experiments (N=717), we found that participants’ judgments are best described by a model that considers both actual and counterfactual effort. This finding generalized to an independent validation data set (N=99). Our results thus support a dual-factor theory of responsibility attribution in collaborative tasks.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article number105609
JournalCognition
Volume241
DOIs
StatePublished - Dec 2023
Externally publishedYes

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
  • Language and Linguistics
  • Developmental and Educational Psychology
  • Linguistics and Language
  • Cognitive Neuroscience

Keywords

  • Causal reasoning
  • Moral psychology
  • Responsibility attribution
  • Social cognition

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