@article{1db94823079f4c27a761443c01bbc1b4,
title = "Accelerated viral dynamics in bat cell lines, with implications for zoonotic emergence",
abstract = "Bats host virulent zoonotic viruses without experiencing disease. A mechanistic understanding of the impact of bats{\textquoteright} virus hosting capacities, including uniquely constitutive immune pathways, on cellular-scale viral dynamics is needed to elucidate zoonotic emergence. We carried out virus infectivity assays on bat cell lines expressing induced and constitutive immune phenotypes, then developed a theoretical model of our in vitro system, which we fit to empirical data. Best fit models recapitulated expected immune phenotypes for representative cell lines, supporting robust antiviral defenses in bat cells that correlated with higher estimates for within-host viral propagation rates. In general, heightened immune responses limit pathogen-induced cellular morbidity, which can facilitate the establishment of rapidly-propagating persistent infections within-host. Rapidly-replicating viruses that have evolved with bat immune systems will likely cause enhanced virulence following emergence into secondary hosts with immune systems that diverge from those unique to bats.",
author = "Brook, {Cara E.} and Mike Boots and Kartik Chandran and Dobson, {Andrew P.} and Christian Drosten and Graham, {Andrea L.} and Grenfell, {Bryan T.} and M{\"u}ller, {Marcel A.} and Melinda Ng and Wang, {Lin Fa} and Leeuwen, {Anieke van}",
note = "Funding Information: Council (DFG) grant DFG SPP1596 (DR 772/10–2), the Federal Ministry of Education and Funding Information: Research (BMBF) grant RAPID (#01KI1723A) and the EU Horizon 2020 grant EVAg Funding Information: CEB was supported by a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship at Funding Information: CEB was supported by a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship at Princeton University and a Miller Institute for Basic Research Fellowship at UC Berkeley. Tissue culture experiments were funded by an NIH grant R01 AI134824 to KC. Work in LFW{\textquoteright}s lab was funded by the Singapore National Research Foundation grants (NRF2012NRF-CRP001-056 and NRF2016NRF-NSFC002-013). CD was supported by the German Research Council (DFG) grant DFG SPP1596 (DR 772/10–2), the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) grant RAPID (# 01KI1723A) and the EU Horizon 2020 grant EVAg (# 653316). The authors thank the Chandran lab at Albert Einstein College of Medicine – in particular, Cecilia Harold, Megan Slough, Rohit Jangra, and Tanwee Alkutkar – for technical support during tissue culture experiments. The authors further thank Jessica Metcalf and the Graham lab at Princeton for conceptual guidance throughout the project{\textquoteright}s development. Funding Information: Tissue culture experiments were funded by an NIH grant R01 AI134824 to KC. Work in LFW{\textquoteright}s Funding Information: 056 and NRF2016NRF-NSFC002-013). CD was supported by the German Research Funding Information: Princeton University and a Miller Institute for Basic Research Fellowship at UC Berkeley. Funding Information: lab was funded by the Singapore National Research Foundation grants (NRF2012NRF-CRP001- Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020, eLife Sciences Publications Ltd. All rights reserved.",
year = "2020",
month = feb,
doi = "10.7554/eLife.48401",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "9",
journal = "eLife",
issn = "2050-084X",
publisher = "eLife Sciences Publications",
}