Abstract
Astronomers do not have a complete picture of the effects of wide-binary companions (semimajor axes greater than 100 au) on the formation and evolution of exoplanets. We investigate these effects using new data from Gaia Early Data Release 3 and the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite mission to characterize wide-binary systems with transiting exoplanets. We identify a sample of 67 systems of transiting exoplanet candidates (with well-determined, edge-on orbital inclinations) that reside in wide visual binary systems. We derive limits on orbital parameters for the wide-binary systems and measure the minimum difference in orbital inclination between the binary and planet orbits. We determine that there is statistically significant difference in the inclination distribution of wide-binary systems with transiting planets compared to a control sample, with the probability that the two distributions are the same being 0.0037. This implies that there is an overabundance of planets in binary systems whose orbits are aligned with those of the binary. The overabundance of aligned systems appears to primarily have semimajor axes less than 700 au. We investigate some effects that could cause the alignment and conclude that a torque caused by a misaligned binary companion on the protoplanetary disk is the most promising explanation.
Original language | English (US) |
---|---|
Article number | 207 |
Journal | Astronomical Journal |
Volume | 163 |
Issue number | 5 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 2022 |
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- Space and Planetary Science
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In: Astronomical Journal, Vol. 163, No. 5, 207, 2022.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
TY - JOUR
T1 - A Possible Alignment between the Orbits of Planetary Systems and their Visual Binary Companions
AU - Christian, Sam
AU - Vanderburg, Andrew
AU - Becker, Juliette
AU - Yahalomi, Daniel A.
AU - Pearce, Logan
AU - Zhou, George
AU - Collins, Karen A.
AU - Kraus, Adam L.
AU - Stassun, Keivan G.
AU - De Beurs, Zoe
AU - Ricker, George R.
AU - Vanderspek, Roland K.
AU - Latham, David W.
AU - Winn, Joshua N.
AU - Seager, S.
AU - Jenkins, Jon M.
AU - Abe, Lyu
AU - Agabi, Karim
AU - Amado, Pedro J.
AU - Baker, David
AU - Barkaoui, Khalid
AU - Benkhaldoun, Zouhair
AU - Benni, Paul
AU - Berberian, John
AU - Berlind, Perry
AU - Bieryla, Allyson
AU - Esparza-Borges, Emma
AU - Bowen, Michael
AU - Brown, Peyton
AU - Buchhave, Lars A.
AU - Burke, Christopher J.
AU - Buttu, Marco
AU - Cadieux, Charles
AU - Caldwell, Douglas A.
AU - Charbonneau, David
AU - Chazov, Nikita
AU - Chimaladinne, Sudhish
AU - Collins, Kevin I.
AU - Combs, Deven
AU - Conti, Dennis M.
AU - Crouzet, Nicolas
AU - De Leon, Jerome P.
AU - Deljookorani, Shila
AU - Diamond, Brendan
AU - Doyon, René
AU - Dragomir, Diana
AU - Dransfield, Georgina
AU - Essack, Zahra
AU - Evans, Phil
AU - Fukui, Akihiko
AU - Gan, Tianjun
AU - Esquerdo, Gilbert A.
AU - Gillon, Michaël
AU - Girardin, Eric
AU - Guerra, Pere
AU - Guillot, Tristan
AU - Eleanor, Eleanor Kate
AU - Henriksen, Andreea
AU - Hoch, Nora
AU - Isogai, Keisuke I.
AU - Jehin, Emmanuël
AU - Jensen, Eric L.N.
AU - Johnson, Marshall C.
AU - Livingston, John H.
AU - Kielkopf, John F.
AU - Kim, Kingsley
AU - Kawauchi, Kiyoe
AU - Krushinsky, Vadim
AU - Kunzle, Veronica
AU - Laloum, Didier
AU - Leger, Dominic
AU - Lewin, Pablo
AU - Mallia, Franco
AU - Massey, Bob
AU - Mori, Mayuko
AU - McLeod, Kim K.
AU - Mékarnia, Djamel
AU - Mireles, Ismael
AU - Mishevskiy, Nikolay
AU - Tamura, Motohide
AU - Murgas, Felipe
AU - Narita, Norio
AU - Naves, Ramon
AU - Nelson, Peter
AU - Osborn, Hugh P.
AU - Palle, Enric
AU - Parviainen, Hannu
AU - Plavchan, Peter
AU - Pozuelos, Francisco J.
AU - Rabus, Markus
AU - Relles, Howard M.
AU - Rodríguez López, Cristina
AU - Quinn, Samuel N.
AU - Schmider, Francois Xavier
AU - Schlieder, Joshua E.
AU - Schwarz, Richard P.
AU - Shporer, Avi
AU - Sibbald, Laurie
AU - Srdoc, Gregor
AU - Stibbards, Caitlin
AU - Stickler, Hannah
AU - Suarez, Olga
AU - Stockdale, Chris
AU - Tan, Thiam Guan
AU - Terada, Yuka
AU - Triaud, Amaury
AU - Tronsgaard, Rene
AU - Waalkes, William C.
AU - Wang, Gavin
AU - Watanabe, Noriharu
AU - Wenceslas, Marie Sainte
AU - Wingham, Geof
AU - Wittrock, Justin
AU - Ziegler, Carl
N1 - Funding Information: This paper includes data collected by the TESS mission, which are publicly available from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST). Funding for the TESS mission is provided by NASA’s Science Mission directorate. Funding Information: K.K.M. acknowledges support from the New York Community Trust's Fund for Astrophysical Research. Funding Information: The research leading to these results has received funding from the ARC grant for Concerted Research Actions, financed by the Wallonia-Brussels Federation. TRAPPIST is funded by the Belgian Fund for Scientific Research (Fond National de la Recherche Scientifique, FNRS) under the grant FRFC 2.5.594.09.F. TRAPPIST-North is a project funded by the University of Liège (Belgium), in collaboration with Cadi Ayyad University of Marrakech (Morocco). Funding Information: This work is partly supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant No. JP20K14518, and by Astrobiology Center SATELLITE Research project AB022006. Funding Information: This work is partly supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant No. JP21K13955. Funding Information: This work is partly supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant No. 20K14521. Funding Information: This paper is based on observations made with the MuSCAT3 instrument, developed by the Astrobiology Center and under financial supports by JSPS KAKENHI (JP18H05439) and JST PRESTO (JPMJPR1775), at Faulkes Telescope North on Maui, HI, operated by the Las Cumbres Observatory. Funding Information: The IRSF project is a collaboration between Nagoya University and the South African Astronomical Observatory (SAAO) supported by the Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas (A) (grant Nos. 10147207 and 10147214) and Optical & Near-Infrared Astronomy Inter-University Cooperation Program, from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) of Japan and the National Research Foundation (NRF) of South Africa. Funding Information: C.R.-L. acknowledges financial support from the State Agency for Research of the Spanish MCIU through the Center of Excellence Severo Ochoa award for the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (SEV-2017-0709). Funding Information: M.T. is supported by MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI grant Nos. 18H05442, 15H02063, and 22000005. Funding Information: This work is partly supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant No. JP18H05439, and JST PRESTO grant No. JPMJPR1775, and a University Research Support Grant from the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ). Funding Information: P.J.A. acknowledges support from grant AYA2016-79425-C3-3-P of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) and the Centre of Excellence “Severo Ochoa” award to the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (SEV-2017-0709). Funding Information: This work has been carried out within the framework of the NCCR PlanetS supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation. Funding Information: D.D. acknowledges support from the TESS Guest Investigator Program grant No. 80NSSC19K1727 and NASA Exoplanet Research Program grant No. 18-2XRP18_2-0136. Funding Information: This work has made use of data from the European Space Agency (ESA) mission Gaia ( https://www.cosmos.esa.int/gaia ), processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC; https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/dpac/consortium ). Funding for the DPAC has been provided by national institutions, in particular the institutions participating in the Gaia Multilateral Agreement. Funding Information: This work is partly supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant No. JP17H04574. Funding Information: This work is partly supported by Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows, grant No. JP20J21872. Funding Information: This work makes use of observations from the LCOGT network. Part of the LCOGT telescope time was granted by NOIRLab through the Mid-Scale Innovations Program (MSIP). MSIP is funded by the NSF. Publisher Copyright: © 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - Astronomers do not have a complete picture of the effects of wide-binary companions (semimajor axes greater than 100 au) on the formation and evolution of exoplanets. We investigate these effects using new data from Gaia Early Data Release 3 and the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite mission to characterize wide-binary systems with transiting exoplanets. We identify a sample of 67 systems of transiting exoplanet candidates (with well-determined, edge-on orbital inclinations) that reside in wide visual binary systems. We derive limits on orbital parameters for the wide-binary systems and measure the minimum difference in orbital inclination between the binary and planet orbits. We determine that there is statistically significant difference in the inclination distribution of wide-binary systems with transiting planets compared to a control sample, with the probability that the two distributions are the same being 0.0037. This implies that there is an overabundance of planets in binary systems whose orbits are aligned with those of the binary. The overabundance of aligned systems appears to primarily have semimajor axes less than 700 au. We investigate some effects that could cause the alignment and conclude that a torque caused by a misaligned binary companion on the protoplanetary disk is the most promising explanation.
AB - Astronomers do not have a complete picture of the effects of wide-binary companions (semimajor axes greater than 100 au) on the formation and evolution of exoplanets. We investigate these effects using new data from Gaia Early Data Release 3 and the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite mission to characterize wide-binary systems with transiting exoplanets. We identify a sample of 67 systems of transiting exoplanet candidates (with well-determined, edge-on orbital inclinations) that reside in wide visual binary systems. We derive limits on orbital parameters for the wide-binary systems and measure the minimum difference in orbital inclination between the binary and planet orbits. We determine that there is statistically significant difference in the inclination distribution of wide-binary systems with transiting planets compared to a control sample, with the probability that the two distributions are the same being 0.0037. This implies that there is an overabundance of planets in binary systems whose orbits are aligned with those of the binary. The overabundance of aligned systems appears to primarily have semimajor axes less than 700 au. We investigate some effects that could cause the alignment and conclude that a torque caused by a misaligned binary companion on the protoplanetary disk is the most promising explanation.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85130267105&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85130267105&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3847/1538-3881/ac517f
DO - 10.3847/1538-3881/ac517f
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85130267105
SN - 0004-6256
VL - 163
JO - Astronomical Journal
JF - Astronomical Journal
IS - 5
M1 - 207
ER -