TY - JOUR
T1 - A Lagrangian fluctuation-dissipation relation for scalar turbulence. Part II. Wall-bounded flows
AU - Drivas, Theodore D.
AU - Eyink, Gregory L.
N1 - Funding Information:
We would like to thank N. Constantinou, C. C. Lalescu and P. Johnson for useful discussions. We would like to thank the Institute for Pure and Applied Mathematics (IPAM) at UCLA, where this paper was partially completed during the fall 2014 long program on ‘Mathematics of Turbulence’. We also acknowledge the Johns Hopkins Turbulence Database for the numerical turbulence data employed in this work. G.E. is partially supported by a grant from NSF CBET-1507469 and T.D. was partially supported by the Duncan Fund and a Fink Award from the Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics at the Johns Hopkins University.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Cambridge University Press.
PY - 2017/10/25
Y1 - 2017/10/25
N2 - We derive here Lagrangian fluctuation-dissipation relations for advected scalars in wall-bounded flows. The relations equate the dissipation rate for either passive or active scalars to the variance of scalar inputs from the initial values, boundary values and internal sources, as those are sampled backward in time by stochastic Lagrangian trajectories. New probabilistic concepts are required to represent scalar boundary conditions at the walls: the boundary local-time density at points on the wall where scalar fluxes are imposed and the boundary first hitting time at points where scalar values are imposed. These concepts are illustrated both by analytical results for the problem of pure heat conduction and by numerical results from a database of channel-flow turbulence, which also demonstrate the scalar mixing properties of near-wall turbulence. As an application of the fluctuation-dissipation relation, we examine for wall-bounded flows the relation between anomalous scalar dissipation and Lagrangian spontaneous stochasticity, i.e. the persistent non-determinism of Lagrangian particle trajectories in the limit of vanishing viscosity and diffusivity. In Part I of this series, we showed that spontaneous stochasticity is the only possible mechanism for anomalous dissipation of passive or active scalars, away from walls. Here it is shown that this remains true when there are no scalar fluxes through walls. Simple examples show, on the other hand, that a distinct mechanism of non-vanishing scalar dissipation can be thin scalar boundary layers near the walls. Nevertheless, we prove for general wall-bounded flows that spontaneous stochasticity is another possible mechanism of anomalous scalar dissipation.
AB - We derive here Lagrangian fluctuation-dissipation relations for advected scalars in wall-bounded flows. The relations equate the dissipation rate for either passive or active scalars to the variance of scalar inputs from the initial values, boundary values and internal sources, as those are sampled backward in time by stochastic Lagrangian trajectories. New probabilistic concepts are required to represent scalar boundary conditions at the walls: the boundary local-time density at points on the wall where scalar fluxes are imposed and the boundary first hitting time at points where scalar values are imposed. These concepts are illustrated both by analytical results for the problem of pure heat conduction and by numerical results from a database of channel-flow turbulence, which also demonstrate the scalar mixing properties of near-wall turbulence. As an application of the fluctuation-dissipation relation, we examine for wall-bounded flows the relation between anomalous scalar dissipation and Lagrangian spontaneous stochasticity, i.e. the persistent non-determinism of Lagrangian particle trajectories in the limit of vanishing viscosity and diffusivity. In Part I of this series, we showed that spontaneous stochasticity is the only possible mechanism for anomalous dissipation of passive or active scalars, away from walls. Here it is shown that this remains true when there are no scalar fluxes through walls. Simple examples show, on the other hand, that a distinct mechanism of non-vanishing scalar dissipation can be thin scalar boundary layers near the walls. Nevertheless, we prove for general wall-bounded flows that spontaneous stochasticity is another possible mechanism of anomalous scalar dissipation.
KW - mathematical foundations
KW - turbulence theory
KW - turbulent mixing
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U2 - 10.1017/jfm.2017.571
DO - 10.1017/jfm.2017.571
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85030756052
SN - 0022-1120
VL - 829
SP - 236
EP - 279
JO - Journal of Fluid Mechanics
JF - Journal of Fluid Mechanics
ER -