A jet fuel surrogate formulated by real fuel properties

Stephen Dooley, Sang Hee Won, Marcos Chaos, Joshua Heyne, Yiguang Ju, Frederick L. Dryer, Kamal Kumar, Chih Jen Sung, Haowei Wang, Matthew A. Oehlschlaeger, Robert J. Santoro, Thomas A. Litzinger

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingConference contribution

2 Scopus citations

Abstract

An implicit methodology based on chemical group theory to formulate a jet aviation fuel surrogate by the measurements of several combustion related fuel properties is tested. The empirical formula and derived cetane number of an actual aviation fuel, POSF 4658, have been determined. A three component surrogate fuel for POSF 4658, has been formulated by constraining a mixture of n-decane, iso-octane and toluene to reproduce the hydrogen/carbon ratio and derived cetane number of the target fuel. The validity of the proposed surrogate is evaluated by experimental measurement of select combustion properties of POSF 4658, and the POSF 4658 surrogate; 1) A variable pressure flow reactor has been used to chart the chemical reactivity of stoichiometric mixtures of POSF 4658/O2/N2 and POSF 4658 surrogate/O2/N2 at 12.5 atm and 500-1000K, fixing the carbon content at 0.3% for both mixtures. 2) The high temperature chemical reactivity and chemical kinetic-molecular diffusion coupling of POSF 4658 and POSF 4658 surrogate have been evaluated by measurement of the extinction limits of diffusion flames. 3) The autoignition behavior of POSF 4658 and POSF 4658 surrogate has been measured with a shock tube at 674-1222 K and with a rapid compression machine at 645-714K for stoichiometric mixtures of fuel in air at pressures close to 20 atm. The flow reactor study shows that the character and extent of chemical reactivity of both fuels at low temperature (500-675K) and high temperature (900K+) is extremely similar but differences in the end of the negative temperature coefficient regime between each fuel are observed. The diffusion flame extinction limits of both fuels are observed to be indistinguishable on a molar basis. Ignition delay measurements also show that POSF 4658 exhibits NTC behavior. Moreover, the ignition delays of both fuels are also extremely similar over the temperature range studied between both apparatuses. Chemical kinetic modeling is utilized to interpret these observations in the case of the POSF 4658 surrogate and provides a rationale as to why the two fuels share such similar reactivity.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Title of host publicationWestern States Section of the Combustion Institute Spring Technical Meeting 2010
PublisherWestern States Section/Combustion Institute
Pages799-816
Number of pages18
ISBN (Electronic)9781617384196
StatePublished - 2010
EventWestern States Section of the Combustion Institute Spring Technical Meeting 2010 - Boulder, United States
Duration: Mar 22 2010Mar 23 2010

Publication series

NameWestern States Section of the Combustion Institute Spring Technical Meeting 2010

Other

OtherWestern States Section of the Combustion Institute Spring Technical Meeting 2010
Country/TerritoryUnited States
CityBoulder
Period3/22/103/23/10

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • General Chemical Engineering
  • Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
  • Mechanical Engineering

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