@article{33f77b0f9b464ba5879a6116d8ca54cf,
title = "A Game-Theoretic Analysis for Complementary and Substitutable IoT Services Delivery with Externalities",
abstract = "The Internet of Things (IoT) connects mobile and wireless devices, and enables the IoT service providers to deliver IoT services to the mobile users in various applications, e.g., transportation and communications. In this paper, the problem of IoT service delivery management is studied with the consideration of substitutability, complementarity, and externalities of delivering IoT services due to the diversity of different IoT components in mobile systems. The substitutable IoT services have similar functionalities to serve IoT users, and the IoT users can switch to buy service from any IoT service provider. The complementary IoT services have different functionalities to serve IoT users, and the IoT users may request a bundle of IoT services from multiple IoT service providers as their IoT services can be integrated. Externalities represent the situation in which IoT users in the same system can affect the utilities of each other due to the connections and interference among the IoT users, which leads to the presence of network effect and congestion effect. To analyze the impact of these factors on the performance of IoT systems, a multi-leader multi-follower Stackelberg game model is introduced. Therein, the IoT service providers and IoT users make their strategic decisions in terms of pricing and service requests, respectively, toward their individual objectives in a distributed manner. A closed-form equilibrium solution is derived analytically through backward induction.",
keywords = "Internet of Things, complementarity, externality, game theory, service pricing, substitutability",
author = "Yang Zhang and Zehui Xiong and Dusit Niyato and Ping Wang and Poor, {H. Vincent} and Kim, {Dong In}",
note = "Funding Information: This work was supported in part by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61601336, Singapore NRF National Satellite of Excellence, Design Science and Technology for Secure Critical Infrastructure NSoE DeST-SCI2019-0007, A∗STAR-NTU-SUTD Joint Research Grant Call on Artificial Intelligence for the Future of Manufacturing RGANS1906, WASP/NTU M4082187 (4080), Singapore MOE Tier 1 2017-T1-002-007 RG122/17, MOE Tier 2 MOE2014-T2-2-015 ARC4/15, Singapore NRF2015-NRF-ISF001-2277, Singapore EMA Energy Resilience NRF2017EWT-EP003-041, Canada NSERC Discovery grant RGPIN-2019- 06375, the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grants CCF-0939370 and CCF-1513915, and National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) Grant funded by the Korean Government under Grants 2014R1A5A1011478 and 2017R1A2B2003953. Funding Information: Manuscript received April 8, 2019; revised August 15, 2019; accepted September 29, 2019. Date of publication October 15, 2019; date of current version January 15, 2020. This work was supported in part by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61601336, Singapore NRF National Satellite of Excellence, Design Science and Technology for Secure Critical Infrastructure NSoE DeST-SCI2019-0007, A*STAR-NTU-SUTD Joint Research Grant Call on Artificial Intelligence for the Future of Manufacturing RGANS1906, WASP/NTU M4082187 (4080), Singapore MOE Tier 1 2017-T1-002-007 RG122/17, MOE Tier 2 MOE2014-T2-2-015 ARC4/15, Singapore NRF2015-NRF-ISF001-2277, Singapore EMA Energy Resilience NRF2017EWT-EP003-041, Canada NSERC Discovery grant RGPIN-2019-06375, the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grants CCF-0939370 and CCF-1513915, and National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) Grant funded by the Korean Government under Grants 2014R1A5A1011478 and 2017R1A2B2003953. The associate editor coordinating the review of this article and approving it for publication was V. Aggarwal. (Corresponding author: Zehui Xiong.) Y. Zhang is with the School of Computer Science and Technology, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China, and also with the Energy Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University (ERI@N), Singapore 637141 (e-mail: yangzhang@whut.edu.cn). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 1972-2012 IEEE.",
year = "2020",
month = jan,
doi = "10.1109/TCOMM.2019.2947509",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "68",
pages = "615--629",
journal = "IEEE Transactions on Communications",
issn = "0090-6778",
publisher = "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.",
number = "1",
}