100% noninductive operation at high beta using off-axis ECCD in DIII-D

M. Murakami; C. M. Greenfield; M. R. Wade; T. C. Luce; J. R. Ferron; H. E. St John; M. A. Makowski; M. E. Austin; S. L. Allen; D. P. Brennan; K. H. Burrell; T. A. Casper; J. C. Deboo; E. J. Doyle; A. M. Garofalo; P. Gohil; I. A. Gorelov; R. J. Groebner; J. Hobirk; A. W. Hyatt; R. J. Jayakumar; K. Kajiwara; C. E. Kessel; J. E. Kinsey; R. J. La Haye; J. Y. Kim; L. L. Lao; J. Lohr; J. E. Menard; C. C. Petty; T. W. Petrie; R. I. Pinsker; P. A. Politzer; R. Prater; T. L. Rhodes; A. C.C. Sips; G. M. Staebler; T. S. Taylor; G. Wang; W. P. West; L. Zeng

doi:10.1088/0029-5515/45/11/024

100% noninductive operation at high beta using off-axis ECCD in DIII-D

M. Murakami
, C. M. Greenfield
, M. R. Wade
, T. C. Luce
, J. R. Ferron
, H. E. St John
, M. A. Makowski
, M. E. Austin
, S. L. Allen
, D. P. Brennan
, K. H. Burrell
, T. A. Casper
, J. C. Deboo
, E. J. Doyle
, A. M. Garofalo
, P. Gohil
, I. A. Gorelov
, R. J. Groebner
, J. Hobirk
, A. W. Hyatt

R. J. Jayakumar, K. Kajiwara, C. E. Kessel, J. E. Kinsey, R. J. La Haye, J. Y. Kim, L. L. Lao, J. Lohr, J. E. Menard, C. C. Petty, T. W. Petrie, R. I. Pinsker, P. A. Politzer, R. Prater, T. L. Rhodes, A. C.C. Sips, G. M. Staebler, T. S. Taylor, G. Wang, W. P. West, L. Zeng

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

43 Scopus citations

Abstract

The advanced tokamak programme on DIII-D is to develop the scientific basis for steady state, high performance operation in future devices. We report on experiments attempting to demonstrate sustainment of 100% noninductive current for several seconds at high beta, using up to 2.5 MW of off-axis electron cyclotron current drive and up to 15 MW of neutral beam injection with q₉₅ ≈ 5. A 100% noninductive condition was achieved with β_T = 3.6%, β_N = 3.5, H₈₉ = 2.4 and improved current drive alignment. However, the duration of this phase was limited by the pressure profile evolution leading to magnetohydrodynamic instabilities after about 0.7 s. In a separate discharge, a nearly (∼90%) noninductive, stationary condition was maintained for one current relaxation time (1.8 s) only limited by the duration of the hardware system. These experiments have achieved normalized fusion performance with bootstrap current fraction f_BS ≈ 60%, consistent with requirements for the ITER Q = 5 steady-state scenarios. The modelling tools that were successfully employed to devise experiments in DIII-D are applied to ITER, indicating that full noninductive operation is plausible for an ITER steady-state scenario with Q ≈ 5.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	1419-1426
Number of pages	8
Journal	Nuclear Fusion
Volume	45
Issue number	11
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/45/11/024
State	Published - Oct 26 2005

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Condensed Matter Physics

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10.1088/0029-5515/45/11/024

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Murakami, M., Greenfield, C. M., Wade, M. R., Luce, T. C., Ferron, J. R., St John, H. E., Makowski, M. A., Austin, M. E., Allen, S. L., Brennan, D. P., Burrell, K. H., Casper, T. A., Deboo, J. C., Doyle, E. J., Garofalo, A. M., Gohil, P., Gorelov, I. A., Groebner, R. J., Hobirk, J., ... Zeng, L. (2005). 100% noninductive operation at high beta using off-axis ECCD in DIII-D. Nuclear Fusion, 45(11), 1419-1426. https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/45/11/024

@article{195b8fb0fbb044828e62f38c8b747a02,

title = "100\% noninductive operation at high beta using off-axis ECCD in DIII-D",

abstract = "The advanced tokamak programme on DIII-D is to develop the scientific basis for steady state, high performance operation in future devices. We report on experiments attempting to demonstrate sustainment of 100\% noninductive current for several seconds at high beta, using up to 2.5 MW of off-axis electron cyclotron current drive and up to 15 MW of neutral beam injection with q95 ≈ 5. A 100\% noninductive condition was achieved with βT = 3.6\%, βN = 3.5, H89 = 2.4 and improved current drive alignment. However, the duration of this phase was limited by the pressure profile evolution leading to magnetohydrodynamic instabilities after about 0.7 s. In a separate discharge, a nearly (∼90\%) noninductive, stationary condition was maintained for one current relaxation time (1.8 s) only limited by the duration of the hardware system. These experiments have achieved normalized fusion performance with bootstrap current fraction fBS ≈ 60\%, consistent with requirements for the ITER Q = 5 steady-state scenarios. The modelling tools that were successfully employed to devise experiments in DIII-D are applied to ITER, indicating that full noninductive operation is plausible for an ITER steady-state scenario with Q ≈ 5.",

author = "M. Murakami and Greenfield, \{C. M.\} and Wade, \{M. R.\} and Luce, \{T. C.\} and Ferron, \{J. R.\} and \{St John\}, \{H. E.\} and Makowski, \{M. A.\} and Austin, \{M. E.\} and Allen, \{S. L.\} and Brennan, \{D. P.\} and Burrell, \{K. H.\} and Casper, \{T. A.\} and Deboo, \{J. C.\} and Doyle, \{E. J.\} and Garofalo, \{A. M.\} and P. Gohil and Gorelov, \{I. A.\} and Groebner, \{R. J.\} and J. Hobirk and Hyatt, \{A. W.\} and Jayakumar, \{R. J.\} and K. Kajiwara and Kessel, \{C. E.\} and Kinsey, \{J. E.\} and \{La Haye\}, \{R. J.\} and Kim, \{J. Y.\} and Lao, \{L. L.\} and J. Lohr and Menard, \{J. E.\} and Petty, \{C. C.\} and Petrie, \{T. W.\} and Pinsker, \{R. I.\} and Politzer, \{P. A.\} and R. Prater and Rhodes, \{T. L.\} and Sips, \{A. C.C.\} and Staebler, \{G. M.\} and Taylor, \{T. S.\} and G. Wang and West, \{W. P.\} and L. Zeng",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2005 IAEA, Vienna.",

year = "2005",

month = oct,

day = "26",

doi = "10.1088/0029-5515/45/11/024",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "45",

pages = "1419--1426",

journal = "Nuclear Fusion",

issn = "0029-5515",

publisher = "IOP Publishing Ltd.",

number = "11",

}

Murakami, M, Greenfield, CM, Wade, MR, Luce, TC, Ferron, JR, St John, HE, Makowski, MA, Austin, ME, Allen, SL, Brennan, DP, Burrell, KH, Casper, TA, Deboo, JC, Doyle, EJ, Garofalo, AM, Gohil, P, Gorelov, IA, Groebner, RJ, Hobirk, J, Hyatt, AW, Jayakumar, RJ, Kajiwara, K, Kessel, CE, Kinsey, JE, La Haye, RJ, Kim, JY, Lao, LL, Lohr, J, Menard, JE, Petty, CC, Petrie, TW, Pinsker, RI, Politzer, PA, Prater, R, Rhodes, TL, Sips, ACC, Staebler, GM, Taylor, TS, Wang, G, West, WP & Zeng, L 2005, '100% noninductive operation at high beta using off-axis ECCD in DIII-D', Nuclear Fusion, vol. 45, no. 11, pp. 1419-1426. https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/45/11/024

TY - JOUR

T1 - 100% noninductive operation at high beta using off-axis ECCD in DIII-D

AU - Murakami, M.

AU - Greenfield, C. M.

AU - Wade, M. R.

AU - Luce, T. C.

AU - Ferron, J. R.

AU - St John, H. E.

AU - Makowski, M. A.

AU - Austin, M. E.

AU - Allen, S. L.

AU - Brennan, D. P.

AU - Burrell, K. H.

AU - Casper, T. A.

AU - Deboo, J. C.

AU - Doyle, E. J.

AU - Garofalo, A. M.

AU - Gohil, P.

AU - Gorelov, I. A.

AU - Groebner, R. J.

AU - Hobirk, J.

AU - Hyatt, A. W.

AU - Jayakumar, R. J.

AU - Kajiwara, K.

AU - Kessel, C. E.

AU - Kinsey, J. E.

AU - La Haye, R. J.

AU - Kim, J. Y.

AU - Lao, L. L.

AU - Lohr, J.

AU - Menard, J. E.

AU - Petty, C. C.

AU - Petrie, T. W.

AU - Pinsker, R. I.

AU - Politzer, P. A.

AU - Prater, R.

AU - Rhodes, T. L.

AU - Sips, A. C.C.

AU - Staebler, G. M.

AU - Taylor, T. S.

AU - Wang, G.

AU - West, W. P.

AU - Zeng, L.

PY - 2005/10/26

Y1 - 2005/10/26

N2 - The advanced tokamak programme on DIII-D is to develop the scientific basis for steady state, high performance operation in future devices. We report on experiments attempting to demonstrate sustainment of 100% noninductive current for several seconds at high beta, using up to 2.5 MW of off-axis electron cyclotron current drive and up to 15 MW of neutral beam injection with q95 ≈ 5. A 100% noninductive condition was achieved with βT = 3.6%, βN = 3.5, H89 = 2.4 and improved current drive alignment. However, the duration of this phase was limited by the pressure profile evolution leading to magnetohydrodynamic instabilities after about 0.7 s. In a separate discharge, a nearly (∼90%) noninductive, stationary condition was maintained for one current relaxation time (1.8 s) only limited by the duration of the hardware system. These experiments have achieved normalized fusion performance with bootstrap current fraction fBS ≈ 60%, consistent with requirements for the ITER Q = 5 steady-state scenarios. The modelling tools that were successfully employed to devise experiments in DIII-D are applied to ITER, indicating that full noninductive operation is plausible for an ITER steady-state scenario with Q ≈ 5.

AB - The advanced tokamak programme on DIII-D is to develop the scientific basis for steady state, high performance operation in future devices. We report on experiments attempting to demonstrate sustainment of 100% noninductive current for several seconds at high beta, using up to 2.5 MW of off-axis electron cyclotron current drive and up to 15 MW of neutral beam injection with q95 ≈ 5. A 100% noninductive condition was achieved with βT = 3.6%, βN = 3.5, H89 = 2.4 and improved current drive alignment. However, the duration of this phase was limited by the pressure profile evolution leading to magnetohydrodynamic instabilities after about 0.7 s. In a separate discharge, a nearly (∼90%) noninductive, stationary condition was maintained for one current relaxation time (1.8 s) only limited by the duration of the hardware system. These experiments have achieved normalized fusion performance with bootstrap current fraction fBS ≈ 60%, consistent with requirements for the ITER Q = 5 steady-state scenarios. The modelling tools that were successfully employed to devise experiments in DIII-D are applied to ITER, indicating that full noninductive operation is plausible for an ITER steady-state scenario with Q ≈ 5.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/26844443312

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/26844443312#tab=citedBy

U2 - 10.1088/0029-5515/45/11/024

DO - 10.1088/0029-5515/45/11/024

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:26844443312

SN - 0029-5515

VL - 45

SP - 1419

EP - 1426

JO - Nuclear Fusion

JF - Nuclear Fusion

IS - 11

ER -

100% noninductive operation at high beta using off-axis ECCD in DIII-D

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